Readers interested in the research on child struck PIs in Canada's largest city,
Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police ( OACP )
www.oacp.ca
The Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police (OACP) has strongly supported the use of ASE tools as an important traffic safety measure
8 June, 2025
Automated speed enforcement reduced vehicle speeds in school zones in Toronto
>Conclusions A significant reduction in speeding was observed when ASE was implemented in urban school zones.
Most of the 150 speed camera locations in Toronto are not eligible for traffic-calming infrastructure.
REFERENCES
1 Peden M, Hyder A. Road traffic injuries are a global public health problem. BMJ
2002;324:1153.
2 World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety. Injury preventiont;
2015. Available:
http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/
2015/en
3 Elvik R. Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: a meta-analysis of safety effects.
Accid Anal Prev 2001;33:327–36.
4 Wilson C, Willis C, Hendrikz JK, et al. Speed cameras for the prevention of road traffic
injuries and deaths. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;2010:CD004607.
5 Pilkington P, Kinra S. Effectiveness of speed cameras in preventing road traffic
collisions and related casualties: systematic review. BMJ 2005;330:331–4.
6 Pérez K, Marí-Dell’Olmo M, Tobias A, et al. Reducing road traffic injuries: effectiveness
of speed cameras in an urban setting. Am J Public Health 2007;97:1632–7.
7 Valderrama SL, Palacios MS, Botello VP, et al. On Speed Management, Public
Health, and Risky Behaviors: Examining the Side Effects of Automated Speed-
Enforcement Cameras on Traffic Crashes in Bogotá, Colombia. Transp Res Rec
2024;2678:590–600.
8 Cunningham CM, Hummer JE, Moon J-P. Analysis of Automated Speed Enforcement
Cameras in Charlotte, North Carolina. Transp Res Rec 2008;2078:127–34.
9 Quistberg DA, Thompson LL, Curtin J, et al. Impact of automated photo enforcement
of vehicle speed in school zones: interrupted time series analysis. Inj Prev
2019;25:400–6.
10 Warsh J, Rothman L, Slater M, et al. Are school zones effective? An examination of
motor vehicle versus child pedestrian crashes near schools. Inj Prev 2009;15:226–9.
11 City of Toronto. Vision zero: toronto’s road safety plan (2017-2021). 2020. Available:
https://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2019/ie/bgrd/backgroundfile-134964.pdf
[Accessed 10 Jun 2024].
12 City of Toronto. Automated speed enforcement. 2021. Available:
https://www.toronto.
ca/services-payments/streets-parking-transportation/road-safety/vision-zero/safety-
initiatives/automated-speed-enforcement/ [Accessed 10 Jun 2024].
13 Donnell E, Hines S. Speed concepts: informational guide. 2009. Available: https://
safety.fhwa.dot.gov/speedmgt/ref_mats/fhwasa10001/ [Accessed 10 Jun 2024].
14 R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation
for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. 2021. Available:
R: The R Project for Statistical Computing
[Accessed 10 Jun 2024].
15 WHO. Global plan for the decade of action for road safety 2021 to 2030. 2021.
Available:
https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/global-plan-for-the-decade-of-
action-for-road-safety-2021-2030
16 Tefft BC. Impact speed and a pedestrian’s risk of severe injury or death. Accid Anal
Prev 2013;50:871–8.
17 Elvik R. The importance of confounding in observational before-and-after studies of
road safety measures. Accid Anal Prev 2002;34:631–5.
18 Retting RA, Ferguson SA, McCartt AT. A review of evidence-based traffic engineering
measures designed to reduce pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes. Am J Public Health
2003;93:1456–63.
19 Fridman L, Ling R, Rothman L, et al. Effect of reducing the posted speed limit to 30
km per hour on pedestrian motor vehicle collisions in Toronto, Canada - a quasi
experimental, pre-post study. BMC Public Health 2020;20:56.
20 Inada H, Tomio J, Nakahara S, et al. Area-wide traffic-calming zone 30 policy of Japan
and incidence of road traffic injuries among cyclists and pedestrians. Am J Public
Health 2020;110:237–43.
21 Morain SR, Gielen AC, Bhalla K. Automated speed enforcement systems to
reduce traffic-related injuries: closing the policy implementation gap. Inj Prev
2016;22:79–83.
22 Duperrex O, Bunn F, Roberts I. Safety education of pedestrians for injury prevention: a
systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Br Med J 2002;324:1129.
23 Fisa R, Musukuma M, Sampa M, et al. Effects of interventions for preventing road
traffic crashes: an overview of systematic reviews. BMC Public Health 2022;22:1–18.