I'm only familiar with Armoured, DEO plan for which you need an academic degree. You start as a second lieutenant (2LT) right away. Usually, it takes two summers to be fully qualified, and become a lieutenant (LT).
1. BMOQ - 30 days. Your local unit
2. BMOQ-A - 55 days. Gagetown? Not sure, it changes.
3. DP1 (2 mods) - 70 days. Gagetown\Borden? Somewhere
4. AJSO (3 mods) - 8 days, mostly online, but I could be wrong.
5. CAFJOD Pre-ATOC (3 mods) - 7.5 days, not sure where.