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By Mike Blanchfield
THE recent Armed Forces handover of Taliban and al-Qaida insurgents to the United States is the first such exchange of combatants in Afghanistan in at least three years, and has prompted Red Cross inquiries into whether Canada has breached international law.
The International Committee of the Red Cross says that Canada notified it in the last 11 days that its JTF2 special forces had handed over prisoners to the American military after capturing them in Afghanistan.
"This is the first time that we get such a notification," ICRC spokesman Vincent Lusser said yesterday from Geneva.
Lusser said the Canadian transfer of prisoners is the first such handover of combatants in Afghanistan since a renewed flare-up of violence earlier this year, and is believed to be the first country-to-country exchange of prisoners since Hamid Karzai formally became Afghanistan's president in 2002.
"It's not an international armed conflict in Afghanistan. The guys being captured now... they're not PoWs (prisoners of war)," said Lusser.
But he pointed out that Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions requires that anyone taken prisoner in any sort of fighting is to be protected from violence, torture and cruel treatment. Critics, such as Amnesty International, question whether that is good enough, given the reports of American mistreatment of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and in Iraq.
Lusser said that because the transfer of prisoners between coalition partners in Afghanistan is still a relatively "new phenomenon," the ICRC is still studying whether Canada has lived up to its international obligations under the Geneva Conventions and international humanitarian law.
"Are there any kind of responsibilities remaining in terms of the handover? At the moment, we at the ICRC, do not have an official position... We're still looking through that," Lusser said.
Brig.-Gen. Mike Ward, head of Canadian Armed Forces operations, told a briefing last week that Canada had received the necessary assurances of good treatment from the Americans. But he could not say whether the U.S. agreed not to transfer the prisoners to a third country, where they could face torture.
The U.S. has come under fire for transferring some detainees to countries with dubious human rights records such as Syria, Jordan and Egypt

