One of the big issues I've heard of is companies not wanting their apprentices to become journeymen, because they cost too much. So, people who go into the trades end up not getting the big pay promised, because they're stuck as apprentices/laborers.
Like most problems in the labor market, there is a self-inflicted aspect to it that insiders refuse to address, because it might mean they have to forego their preferential treatment.
Generally it isn’t that they don’t want them to become ticketed, it is rather a few scummy companies will dangle the apprenticeship over some people but never actually provide it.
That is far from the norm however. Most just don’t want apprentices because of a few factors
1) Training is time consuming and expensive as the apprenticeship will screw up a fair bit
2) It is cheaper to hire someone ticketed and have them work than it is to train a apprentice for 4 years and risk them leaving once trained
3) With many collective agreements in unionized environments apprenticeships go to the person with the most seniority. My grandfather gave a example of a 57 year old apprentice they were forced to train who then retired two years after getting ticketed. Waste of time and money for all involved.
4) In many work environments a apprentice isn’t paid that far off from a journeyman. So why pay almost the same for much worse work initially when you can just hire someone who can do it all?
5) To try and get around the seniority rules in many places they have started demanding college programs as a prerequisite for the apprenticeship, wasting everyones time and money on something which isn’t required.
6) People are less prepared for apprenticeships today then they were in the past thanks to lack luster education and lack of opportunity to try and fix things yourself.
I am sure there are other issues but that is a good starting point. My grandfathers both were ticketed in the UK in the late 50s early 60s. They started their apprenticeships at 16 years old, never finished highschool as it wasn’t necessary. Ticketed by 20/21 and working full time.
That is the type of path we need in Canada. That is how you get 40-45 years good work out of a individual. I doubt we shall see it though.