...Education funding
At the root of the conflict is the question of how much the Conservative government will spend on the province’s schools. The government has said it wants to trim education spending in order to help balance the provincial budget.
At the same time, Lecce has emphasized that education funding increased this year. The Conservatives have made “the largest investment ever expended in provincial history in public education in the province of Ontario,” Lecce told the legislature in a typical exchange during Question Period.
For months union leaders, backed by some parents and students, have protested government cuts to education, often using the slogan “Cuts hurt kids.”
So is the government increasing spending or cutting it?
The government will spend $29.969 billion on elementary and secondary education this year, according to the most recent economic statement. That’s $1.2 billion more than last year, an increase of 4.3 per cent. However, a good chunk of the increase this year won’t go to schools — it’s for a new child-care tax credit that is included in the education budget. The tax credit will cost an estimated $435 million, says the Financial Accountability Office of Ontario. The government has a lower estimate of $390 million for the tax credit.
Critics argue that current spending amounts to a cut once inflation and rising enrolment are taken into account. The amount the province provides in per-pupil funding has gone down.
Here’s how the Accountability Office crunches the numbers: Over the last five years, education costs have increased an average of 2.2 per cent a year simply due to changing enrolment and inflation, while spending rose an average of 3.3 per cent annually.
Over the next five years, the Conservative government plans to slow spending. The forecast calls for an average funding increase of one per cent a year, but inflation and rising enrolment are expected to accelerate costs by 2.7 per cent annually, says the office.
Lecce points out the government has increased funding in some areas, such as more mental health supports and development of a new “back-to-basics” math curriculum.
Larger classes
Making classes larger is a key part of the government’s goal of reducing education spending. The larger classes announced by the government last spring would eliminate 10,054 teachers, saving $900 million a year when fully implemented, according to the Accountability Office. The ministry has provided funding to boards so positions are lost through attrition.
It’s the issue that probably resonates most strongly with students and parents.
Critics warn that students won’t get as much individual attention, fewer teachers will be available for extracurricular activities, and high school students will have fewer course options.
In Grades 4 to 8, funded class sizes have gone up by about one student, from an average of 23.84 to 24.5 students.
In high schools, school boards were told to increase average class sizes from 22 to 28 over the next four years. Classes have inched up this year to an average of 22.9 students, says the Accountability Office.
Critics say that as the average grows, smaller-enrolment specialty courses will have to be cut while more mainstream academic courses might balloon to 40 students or more. Some boards across the province have cut courses.
Small high schools will find it particularly difficult to offer a range of courses.
The Renfrew Country District School Board, for instance, was forced to cut about 30 courses and blend grades and academic levels into the same classroom at some of its schools this year.
Grade 11 and 12 drama, music and guitar courses were eliminated at one school, while another didn’t offer any physics courses in Grade 11 or 12 and a third school cut French courses in Grades 11 and 12, offering e-learning instead.
Lecce has responded to criticism by saying class sizes are essentially the same this year and he welcomes innovative solutions that would allow the government to find savings elsewhere instead.
Lecce said also said the government is willing to modify the increase, making classes an average of 25 rather than 28. The Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation (OSSTF) said that proposal was coupled with a plan to eliminate all limits on class sizes now contained in local collective agreements. At the Ottawa-Carleton District School Board, for instance, high school class sizes are limited to no more than 28 for academic courses, 24 for applied level courses and 17 for courses developed for high-needs students.
Lecce says he’s compromising and the government side is reasonable. Critics have lambasted him for making misleading statements that imply the government has proposed making class sizes smaller than they are now. In his latest statement, Lecce said the government was “reducing class room sizes from 28 to 25.”
The OSSTF has proposed that class sizes revert to what they were last year — an average of 22 students.
Mandatory online courses
The government has softened its plan to require high school students to take four of their 30 credits online, announcing on Nov. 21 that two online credits will be required instead. The courses will have an average size of 35 students.
Students who are in Grade 9 next year and graduate in 1923-24 will be the first cohort to be required to take two online courses.
Lecce said the change will give students more choice in courses and ensure they graduate with “with the skills and technical fluency they need in a competitive global labour market.”
Public consultations are planned.
Unions have opposed the plan, saying not all students learn well online, no other North American jurisdiction requires so many online courses in high school, and those in rural areas or poor households might not have their own electronic devices at home or Internet service.
The OSSTF has proposed that online courses continue to be optional, not mandatory, and that the issue be studied by a committee.
Wages
The government has passed legislation limiting wage increases for public servants to no more than one per cent a year for the next three years. That applies to more than 200,000 teachers and other school board employees. Unions say the law interferes with collective bargaining and they may challenge it in court.
Lecce told CBC that he’s confident the law will survive a constitutional challenge. He points out that one union representing education support staff has already accepted the one-per-cent raise. CUPE reached a last-minute deal last month a few hours before a strike that would have closed some schools across the province.
The union representing public high school teachers, OSSTF, is asking for a raise equal to the increase in the cost of living, which is about two per cent. It’s not known what the elementary and Catholic board teachers are seeking because they have not made their proposals public....