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Split Post - Waffen SS.

  • Thread starter Thread starter chaos75
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This is all extremely interesting and I am impressed my the level of the discussion. If I can add a couple of points. The first is that the German army considered that most Waffen SS divisions were not as of a high standard tactically as their Wehrmacht counterparts in Normandy. There were exceptions, notably 12 SS Panzer Division, but in the case of the Hitler Youth division that may have been because of Kurt Meyer's unique ability to read a battle and show up at exactly the right place at exactly the right time.

Second, there has been a double standard applied to Normandy for far too long. The Germans, including 12 SS, did some very tactically unsound things on occasion that would have been trumpeted far and wide as examples of Allied tactical incompetence had a British, Canadian or American formation done the same. Instead, these lapses are often explained away or obsfucated with references to the differences in casualty rates. 

An example - at about 1230 on 8 August 1944 12 SS Panzer Division launched a deliberate counter-attack up the Caen-Falaise Road in an effort to regain the key terrain around Point 122, The operation, which included a battlegroup made up of a battalion of panzer grenadiers and another of tanks as well as the divisional panzerjager battalion and the escort companies of both the division and 1 SS Panzer Corps as well as seven Tigers from 101 SS Heavy Tank Battalion was defeated with heavy losses. It was in this battle that SS-Captain Michael Wittmann of the heavy tank battalion was killed, probably by A Squadron of the Sherbrooke Fusilier Regiment. More important, the failure of this operation doomed the German hold on the ground south of Caen.

Meyer had misread the approaches in his estimate and that night the remnants of his counter-attack force was forced to withdraw in some disorder from the blocking position they had occupied by the advance of 10 Canadian Infantry Brigade. All this seems to have escaped the notice of the fans of the German forces in Normandy, and this is not the only occasion. Another, again using 12 SS as an example, was the counter-attacks by that division against 3rd Canadian Infantry Division along the Bayeux-Caen railway on 8 June. There was some local success at Putot-en-Bessin, but every other attack failed miserably and the Canadians regained Putot later on the same day. One could argue that the Hitler Youth failed in their most important operation of the war - the defeat of the bridgehead - primarily because of faulty battle procedure and inept all arms cooperation.

If this sounds like a rant, I apologize, but I have just spent a few years working on a book on the First Canadian Army operations south of Caen in August 1944 and was struck by the apparent double standard.
 
I thought it was beyond dispute that Ekins of the Northamptonshire Yeomanry (?) "got" Wittman...otherwise, excellent post.

I think Denis Whitaker got a bit carried away with trying to claim Canadian credit for Wittman; just as we've been trying for years to falsely claim Rittmeister Frieherr von Richtofen as a Canadian "kill", which he wasn't.
 
Trooper Joe Elkins, the gunner of a Firefly of 1st Northmaptonshire Yeomanry, 33 British Armoured Brigade, knocked out three Tigers within a very short period on 8 August 1944. That is beyond dispute as there were a number of British witnesses. During the same engagement two other units claimed to have destroyed Tigers. These were 141st Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, also of 33 Brigade, and the Sherbrooke Fusilier Regiment.

The situation is somewhat murky, but if you have read Agte's Michael Wittmann and the Tiger Commanders of the Leibstandarte (sp?), you may have noticed some discrepancies between the accounts by the various surviving membetrs of 101 SS Heavy Tank Battalion and the British account. In particular, the British witnesses all agree that the second Tiger exploded immediately after it was hit. As Wittmann's Tiger (007) had its turret blown off by an internal explosion of its ammunition, this has been used to tie the two together. However, the German accounts, which were collected shortly after the engagement, agree that 007 was stationary and out of action for a considerable period before it was destroyed by an explosion.

Also, the Brits were certain that there were only three Tigers and all three were destroyed by Elkins. However the German accounts, including sketch maps reproduced in Agte, agree that seven Tigers took part in the attack and five were destroyed.

There is a basic principle of combat self-preservation and that is to engage the most dangerous target first. This usually would be the one closest to your own position. In the case of the Yeomanry, the three destroyed Tigers were within 600-800 yards of them. However, the other two knocked out tanks, including Wittmann's, were 1200-1500 yards away, but within 500 yards of the hamlet of Gaumesnil where A Squadron of the Sherbrookes was deployed. One of these Tigers, the one with its turret bearing number 007 and lying to its right rear, was adjacent to where the remains of Wittmann and his crew were discovered many years after the war by a road crew.

It is also not generally known that there were serious accuracy problems with the 17-pounder and a technical bulletin produced by the Brigadier, Royal Armoured Corps at Headquarters First Canadian Army later that year stated that a hit on a standard target with 17-pounder ammunition could not be guaranteed at ranges over 800 yards.

The whole durn thing is complicated by two further issues. First, a French civilian examined 007 in March 1945 and did not find any evidence that the tank had been hit by hostile ground fire. The only damage he could locate was a large hole on the rear deck that he decided had been made by an aerial rocket. He may have been led to this conclusion by the presence of an unexploded rocket in the area. I have examined the air force records for that day and the only tanks (three in total) were all south of Falaise, 20 miles away.

The other issue is the lack of a written Canadian record such as an operations log. This may be because the headquarters half-track was destroyed by the Allied bombing of our own troops later that afternoon. The intelligence sergeant was killed and all the records such as logs, etc were destroyed.

Mike, the issue will be debated for years and no one can make a conclusive claim at this time. In my opinion, however, the preponderance of evidence points to a Sherman Firefly of the Sherbrooke Fusilier Regiment having knocked out Tiger 007 and probably killing Wittmann and his crew.

This whole subject takes up several thousand words in an appendix to my book, so I can only skim over the subject here. Sorry that I can not be more precise with chapter and verse. One last thing, it was sheer luck that brought Wittmann into the sights of a Canadian tank; he just as easily might have taken another route and fallen prey to someone else. Also, the matter of who got him is less important that the fact that the counter-attack failed at considerable loss to the Germans, including five Tigers and between 10 and 20 Mk IVs, as well as probably at least 100 infantry.
 
The answer is simple, I need to buy a copy of your book.  Autographed, naturally.  Can you PM me ordering info?
 
Wilco, tomorrow after I rtu from the local militaria show. After a nice bottle of wine tonight I need my beauty sleep. You should see how many typos I made entering this.
 
Old Sweat, I enjoyed your posts.

Larry, thanks for the comments:

"....Often they lacked military skill and many were promoted to fast due to their political connections ...."  This was only really valid at the start of the war, during the Polish Campaign the "Verfugung-division" was not even allowed to fight as a cohesive unit. Standarte Deutschland and the Artillery Standarte were brigaded with army units, Standarte Germania was attached to the 14 Army in East Prussia, and Liebstandarte was deployed seperatly in Silesia. Standarte der Fuhrer which belonged to Liebstandarte did not even participate. And yes, none of the units that did take part performed outstandingly, their casualties being disproportionate to their achivements, the result in the armies view of unskilled leadership, and they had some justification there. And in Himmler's eyes, of a failure by the army to provide fire support. As the war progressed, they gained military skills, to the point that they were used as "Fire Brigades" and generally resulted in a sigh of relief from the troops in an area, when they heard that the Div's or Kampfgruppe's were coming to help them, and for the most part gained rank progression on ability. Now I am talking here about the classic Divisions, the actual SS-Panzer-Divisions. Once the war started there were not that many "political" appointments, (the only 2 I can think of without doing major reaserch wouuld be "Sepp Dietrich and Theodore Eicke OC 3 Div "Totenkopf" however he died in action 26.2.43). And don't forget about Paul Hausser, sometimes called "Papa hausser" who served as Inspector general of the SS-Verfugung-struppe from 19936 to 1939, was an ex-army General, who in fact acheived a great deal, and the military showing of the Waffen-SS probably owed more to him than any other individual

Larry, I think you took my term "political" to mean "patronage" appointments not dissimilar to the Canadian Senate.  The Waffen-SS had no military justification for its existence as it offered no new specialisations not already developed by the German Army (which most consider to be the one of the best in the world in 1939). Although many Waffen-SS units fought well at the front, their reason for existing was essentally political - they initially offered an example of blood sacrifice by the Nazi Party and later a heavily armed counterweight to the politically conservative army officer corps, which was the source of the most serious threats to the Nazi Party's hold on power.

"In SS-V Service, 1939: 35,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, 1940: 50,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, 1941: 150,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, 1942: 230,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, 1943: 450,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, 1944: 600,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, 1945: 830,000+
In Waffen-SS Service, Total: 1,000,000+
Waffen-SS Desertions, 1939-1945: ??
Waffen-SS KIA/MIA, 1939-1945: 250,000
Waffen-SS WIA, 1939-1945: 400,00
Waffen-SS Casualties, 1939-1945: 650,000+ " to quote feldgrau.com

I suppose the question could be asked if the rapid expansion of the SS, while sustaining significant casualties, could have been accomplished without the promotion of politically reliable officers or did the level of combat provide enough trained war veterans to guide the conscripts.

"....Due to their position within the party structure they were given logisitical and equipment priorities over the regular units....." This only really happen later on in the war, in fact at the start of the war they were equiped with mostly Checzkoslovakian weapons, and Himmler had to use creative book-keeping to find bodies to fill his ranks as the Heer had first priority to conscripts for the duration of the war, thus the formation of the 3. SS Panzer-Division "Totenkopf' formed by transfering Concentration camp guards into the division and the formation of the 4. SS-Polizei-Panzer-Grenadier-Division which was formed from policemen transfered outright from the beat, this went on to the conscription and enticing of what were called "Volks Deutcsh" people of German extraction in the occupied countries, this was followed by a plethora of foreign division,s most of which barely reached Bde strength and whose combat value is/was debateable

We know very well the level of motorization within the German Army was fairly limited (correct me if I'm wrong but up towards 90% of German Artillery was horse drawn until the end of the war) you have to ask yourself what, at the beginning of the war, was the rationale for three unproven Waffen-SS divisions to be motorized with equipment, even if it was from czech stocks?  Yet many (most) of the army's far more capable divisions, remained footborne?  I have to put it down to political interference in the army.  Secondly, the Waffen-SS seems to have gotten priority over the army to expand its armoured element in 1942-44.

".....In addition they usually reported outside the army chain of command....." Only in so far as supply and training went, in the field they were subordinate to the next higher command

In the field it came under the direct tactical control of the OKW, however strategic control remained within the hands of the SS. Source:

http://www.feldgrau.com/ss.html

"...I mean alot of the SS were foriegn volunteers (Viking Division) and conscripts from the Hitler Youth...."  As far as the SS Division"Wiking" is concerned, half of it's strenght composed not of  SS men, nor even of Germans but of volunteer recruits from the occupied Sacandnavian nations of Europe, Despite their emotive titles, however, it should be recalled that they always contained large numbers of Germans. None the less it went on, along with the "Classic" W-SS divisions to gain a respectful reputation among their army comrades for steadiness in the face of grim conditions and high casualties. Yes some of the HJ would have probably transfer in to the SS but most would have been conscripted into the Heer, untill the formation of the 12. SS-Panzer-Division "Hitlerjugend"

The Waffen-SS as a whole was a mixed bag, but within it there were some very good formations, almost all of which were raised of Germans. My feeling is that as they received preferential allocation of manpower, they ought to have been good formations. Early in the war the Waffen-SS consisted entirely of volunteers, whereas the Army was largely of conscripts and reservists. When the German Waffen-SS expanded later in the war and began to use conscripts, these were all of the prime military age groups. The Army also had to absorb many older or unfit men the Waffen-SS never even considered.

Note - I cut and pasted some of the above comments from feldgrau.net in support of some of my original comments.  
 
Glad to see I am not the only one that likes a good vino. Interesting read, for some reason I always though Wittmann was killed in an air raid, not sure why I thought that?

Micheal thanks for the response on my post  :), And you are right about the size of Soviet units, Thouugh the '45 TOE for a Soviet rifle Div called for 12000 men +/- they rarely exceeded 4-6000, and the German units were the same if not worse.
 
Hi Gunner

Eww plagiarism, I change some of the words around ;D. However you are basically right. What it boiled down to was "Empire Building", remember Goering was in it also, without looking it up he had approx 15 FJ Divs of assorted strenghts and abilities (wrong word here but I can't think of another one) and around 21 Luft field Divs of once again various.....though they tended to be wiped out in their first engagement.

Was it worth it, Personally I don't think so, they would have been better to put them under a central system.

Well Pizza should be ready for pick up. Yum Greek with anchovies ;D
 
larry Strong said:
Hi Gunner

Eww plagiarism, I change some of the words around ;D. However you are basically right. What it boiled down to was "Empire Building", remember Goering was in it also, without looking it up he had approx 15 FJ Divs of assorted strenghts and abilities (wrong word here but I can't think of another one) and around 21 Luft field Divs of once again various.....though they tended to be wiped out in their first engagement.

Was it worth it, Personally I don't think so, they would have been better to put them under a central system.

Well Pizza should be ready for pick up. Yum Greek with anchovies ;D

The Luftwaffe felddivisionen were another waste of motorization - how many panzergrenadier companies could have been outfitted with the trucks wasted on the LW divisions - many of whom, if I understand it correctly, were basically security units.  (Not to imply the LW FD were motorized, but headquarters elements - as in all German divisions - were).
 
Eww plagiarism, I change some of the words around .

HA!  How do you think I got through university!  Besides, its not plagarism if you reference it! 
 
Gunner said:
HA!  How do you think I got through university!  Besides, its not plagarism if you reference it! 

Actually, it is. ;) Does this mean you have to give your degree back?


 
Michael Dorosh said:
The answer is simple, I need to buy a copy of your book.  Autographed, naturally.  Can you PM me ordering info?

And a fine work it is!! I am almost finished reading the book. BZ Old Sweat.

I just finished reading the section in the book about Wittman, did a search here for more information and presto!! Who do I get? None other than the author.   

Sorry to dig up an old thread, but hey, this one is a real gem.

Like Paul Harvey says:

"And now you know the rest of the story."
 
whiskey601 said:
Sorry to dig up an old thread, but hey, this one is a real gem.

Since you bring it up, I too ordered the book several months ago and consider it the best operational history ever written as far as Canadian military history goes.  Old Sweat describes in excellent detail what Granatstein was talking about in The Generals in his analysis of Canadian staff officers, and gives great discussion on things like operational planning, staff work, as well as the tactical side of things, plus an inside look into the Germans and Poles.  An entire chapter on Wittman was the icing on the cake.  One book like this is worth any ten books by a hack like Zuehlke - written by a professional officer but still easily grasped by a layperson.  Can't recommend this highly enough, or purchase the next book on TRACTABLE fast enough.
 
My family knew a Norwegian who was in the SS as Motorised Infantry.
He spent 5 yrs in jail when he went back home to Norway.
I asked him why did he join?
He ws against Communisim,he fought on the Russian front and then the Baltic State's.
 
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