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The Sandbox and Areas Reports Thread January 2009

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NATO tightens Afghan rules to cut civilian deaths
Reuters, Jan. 14
http://www.iht.com/articles/reuters/2009/01/14/europe/OUKWD-UK-NATO-AFGHAN-CIVILIANS.php

NATO said on Wednesday [Jan. 14] it had further tightened its rules of engagement in Afghanistan to cut civilian casualties but accused the Taliban of causing the vast majority of the hundreds of civilian deaths seen last year.

Nearly 700 civilians were killed in 2008 up to October in raids by foreign and Afghan forces, an Afghan rights body said last month, quoting a U.N. estimate.

Raids by foreign forces on homes and mosques are a major source of resentment against the more than 60,000 NATO and U.S.-led coalition troops in the country.

A directive by NATO's commander in Afghanistan, U.S. General David McKiernan, stresses the need for proportionate use of force and for Afghan forces to take the lead in searching Afghan homes and religious sites unless a clear danger is identified.

The December 30 order, only now made public [emphasis added], also requires commanders to ensure troops are properly trained for duties such as manning checkpoints to minimise the need to resort to deadly force. It also requires proper investigation of civilian casualties.

"Reducing to a minimum civilian casualties is not only a humanitarian imperative and a human imperative, it is also essential to maintaining public support for the presence of international forces," NATO spokesman James Appathurai said.

The new directive comes as the U.S. conducts a wide-ranging review of its Afghan strategy and ahead of the inauguration of Barack Obama as the new American president next week.

It is the latest tightening of rules of engagement for NATO troops amid growing fears that the West is losing both the military campaign and the support of ordinary Afghans as violence in the country worsens.

In October, NATO ordered troops to pull back from firefights with the Taliban rather than call in air strikes that might kill civilians [emphasis added].

Appathurai blamed the Taliban and allied Islamist insurgents for the vast majority of civilian casualties...

Counterinsurgency Field Manual: Afghanistan Edition (longish piece, conclusion given)
Foreign Policy, January/February 2009
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4587&page=0

Two years ago, a controversial military manual rewrote U.S. strategy in Iraq. Now, the doctrine’s simple, powerful—even radical—tenets must be applied to the far different and neglected conflict in Afghanistan. Plus, David Petraeus talks to FP about how to win a losing war...

FP: You said [that] even in 2005 when you were in Afghanistan, you reported to Secretary Rumsfeld that this could be the longest part of the long war.

DP: I didn’t say it could be. I said it would be. My assessment was that Afghanistan was going to be the longest campaign of the long war. And I think that assessment has been confirmed by events in Afghanistan in recent months.

FP: Just how long did you have in mind?

DP: Those are predictions one doesn’t hazard.

Marines uncover Taleban bomb factory
The Times, Jan. 14
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article5512034.ece

One of the largest hauls of weapons, explosives and bomb-making equipment ever found in southern Afghanistan has been uncovered by the Royal Marines in a huge underground cavern in Kandahar province, the Ministry of Defence disclosed yesterday.

The hidden bomb factory was discovered after a night-time assault last week on a Taleban compound which involved elements of 42 Commando Royal Marines, a Royal Canadian battle group and Afghan troops...

During the operation which lasted for two days, a Canadian soldier was killed.

The Marines from 42 Commando were used in the operation because they are serving as a regional battle group, based at Kandahar airport, and can be deployed anywhere in southern Afghanistan [emphasis added]. 

Mark
Ottawa
 
Blatant Lies, Conjured-Up Quotations
The Canada-Afghanistan Blog, Jan. 14
http://canada-afghanistan.blogspot.com/2009/01/blatant-lies-conjured-up-quotations.html

The Canadian government's position is that in 2011, the mission "as we know it" will end. The Australian government's position is to leave when Afghan security services can take over, hopefully by 2012.

The Dutch? Well, they'll get back to us on that...

Mark
Ottawa
 
Articles found January 16, 2009

Homemade bombs now top threat in Kandahar, Canadians say
JANE ARMSTRONG From Friday's Globe and Mail January 16, 2009 at 5:36 AM EST
Article Link

KANDAHAR, AFGHANISTAN — The number of homemade bombs littering the Kandahar landscape has more than doubled in the past year, Canadian military officials say, making these improvised explosives the No. 1 threat against coalition troops in the province.

The homemade bombs, which insurgents have planted at a furious pace on roads and in ditches and culverts, are more sophisticated than earlier incarnations, forcing Canadian troops to constantly switch tactics to evade the deadly devices.

"They adapt to our tactics," Captain Roy Ulrich, deputy commander of Canada's bomb squad in Kandahar, told a news briefing last night. "We adapt to their tactics. And they have been really forced to elevate their game to effectively target us."

Ten soldiers have been killed - all by IEDs - since the beginning of September, making this winter one of the deadliest on record for Canadian troops in Afghanistan.
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Kandahar IEDs less effective despite increased use: Canadian military
Last Updated: Thursday, January 15, 2009 CBC News
Article Link

While the number of improvised explosive devices found on the roads of Kandahar has doubled in Afghanistan over the past year, casualty figures have fallen, Canadian military officials say.

"The few years prior to 2008, we were encountering fairly simplistic IEDs, but as our drills and our equipment improved, those attacks became less and less successful," said Capt. Roy Ulrich, second-in-command of Task Force Kandahar's anti-bomb squad.

Ulrich said the squad is becoming much more effective at neutralizing and finding IEDs. As well, he said, Afghans are more willing to provide information about hidden bombs, and the Afghan police and soldiers have become more efficient at locating them.

However, Ulrich said, the bombs are far more sophisticated than in years past.

"It's kind of a back-and-forth battle for us," he said. "They adapt to our tactics, we adapt to their tactics and so they've been forced to really elevate their game in order to effectively target us."

In 2008, about 355 IEDs were discovered, compared with about 170 in 2007. Of those, 180 exploded in 2008, up from 65 in 2007.

Four per cent of the roadside bombs caused injury and death in 2008, compared with seven per cent in 2007.
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US: Helicopter downed in Afghanistan
7 hours ago
Article Link

KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — The U.S. military says one of its Black Hawk helicopters has gone down near Afghanistan's capital. No deaths were reported.

All seven people aboard survived and the military says in a statement that they are "safe and secure."

The statement does not say what caused the accident, but does say that no enemy activity was involved. The helicopter was on its way to perform a medical evacuation when it went down Friday morning.
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Australia awards highest honour to Afghanistan vet
Thu Jan 15, 2009 10:01pm By Rob Taylor
Article Link

CANBERRA, Jan 16 (Reuters) - An Australian commando who braved open ground to draw enemy fire during a Taliban ambush and rescue other coalition soldiers in Afghanistan was on Friday awarded the country's top military honour, the Victoria Cross.

Mark Donaldson, 29, of Australia's elite Special Air Service, was awarded the country's first VC in 40 years for dashing 80 metres under heavy fire to rescue a wounded Afghan interpreter, and draw the attack from other wounded soldiers.

"I don't see myself as a hero. Everyone of us that was there and that serves there are heroes," Donaldson told reporters after receiving the rare bravery award from Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Australia's head of state Quentin Bryce and military commanders.

The Victoria Cross, given also to Britain's military, is awarded for conspicuous valour and only 96 have been won by Australians since its creation by Britain's Queen Victoria in 1856. Many soldiers receive the medal posthumously.

Donaldson is the first Australian to receive one since Vietnam in 1969 and the first ever to receive a special Victoria Cross for the Australia category set up in 1991.

Donaldson was travelling in a coalition convoy with U.S. and Afghan soldiers on September 2 last year when it was ambushed by a well-armed Taliban force.

"He joins a band of brothers so admired for their valour that there are only 10 surviving members in the world today," said the chief of Australia's military, Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston, who saluted Donaldson for his courage.
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Two British soldiers killed in S Afghanistan 
www.chinaview.cn  2009-01-15 23:06:23   
  Article Link

    LONDON, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Two British soldiers were killed in an explosion in southern Afghanistan, the British Ministry of Defense said on Thursday.

    The two soldiers, one from 29 Command Regiment Royal Artillery and the other from 45 Commando Royal Marines were killed late on Wednesday during an operation against enemy forces in northeast of Gereshk in central Helmand, the ministry said in a statement.

    Their relatives have been informed of the tragedy.
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Hutton attacks European allies over lack of support in Afghanistan
Failure to send troops poses threat to national security and puts Nato alliance at risk, warns defence secretary

The Guardian, Jan. 15
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jan/15/hutton-afghanistan-troops-terrorism-al-qaida

John Hutton, the defence secretary, today delivered a blistering attack on the failure of Britain's European allies to deploy more combat troops to Afghanistan and described the west's mission there as "absolutely fundamental to Britain's national security".

He did not use the term "war on terror" — a rallying cry described by David Miliband, the foreign secretary, in today's Guardian, as a mistake that may have caused more harm than good. Nevertheless, the defence secretary used strong language. For Nato, Afghanistan was a "defining issue" in what he called "the worldwide campaign against terrorism". He added: "The struggle against terrorists is one of the defining struggles of our time".

His clear message was that Afghanistan, under threat from the Taliban, and al-Qaida supporters based in north-west Pakistan, presented a threat to "British citizens on British streets [emphasis added]".

The strongly worded statement seemed in part an attempt to prepare the British public for further casualties and a likely deployment of up to 3,000 more UK troops to southern Afghanistan this year [emphasis added].

Lieutenant General Peter Wall, deputy chief of defence staff responsible for operations, warned of the growing threat posed by improvised explosive devices as the Taliban had shown itself to be "particularly resilient".

Shortly after he spoke, the Ministry of Defence announced that a soldier and a Royal Marine were killed by an explosion north-east of Gereshk in central Helmand province last night.

The soldier was from 29 Commando Regiment Royal Artillery and the marine from 45 Commando Royal Marines. Their next of kin have been informed.

Twenty British servicemen have been killed in Afghanistan since November [emphasis added] – winter months traditionally regarded as quiet months when it comes to fighting.

Hutton accused the Europeans of expecting the Americans to do all the "heavy lifting" in the fight against the Taliban. It was time for the European members of Nato to "step up to the plate" and deploy effective combat forces to Afghanistan.

"We just don't have enough [troops], and we need more," said Hutton. "It is not honest, credible or, I think, sustainable to say that the Americans can do more. That is not an alliance, that is one-way traffic.

"It is not for us to go on saying the Americans can go on doing all the heavy lifting. Nato has to stand together. I do not believe that Nato members are currently doing that efficiently and effectively. We have got to look first and foremost to our European allies."

Hutton said that as the second-largest troop contributor in Afghanistan, with 8,000 deployed there, Britain was one of only a "handful" of countries that had sent combat forces to the country.

Resistance to U.S. Plan for Afghanistan
Troop Boost Complicated by Growing Taliban Influence, Anger Over Airstrikes and Civilian Deaths

Washington Post, Jan. 16
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/15/AR2009011504198.html

The planned U.S. military and counterinsurgency drive in Afghanistan is meeting public and official resistance that could delay and possibly undermine a costly, belated effort that American officials here acknowledge has a limited window of time to succeed.

The officials say they are optimistic that the planned addition of up to 30,000 troops, combined with a new strategy to support local governance and development aimed at weaning villagers away from Taliban influence, will show significant results within the year. They say improved cooperation from the army in neighboring Pakistan and better performance by the Afghan national army are bolstering this optimism.

Yet they also acknowledge that they face an array of obstacles, including: widespread public hostility to international forces over bombing raids and civilian abuses; the growing influence of Taliban insurgents in areas where central authority and services are scarce; and controversy over plans to establish village defense groups.

Officials are also worried about other issues: the upcoming Afghan presidential election and the revived hostility between Pakistan and India caused by a deadly terrorist rampage in Mumbai in November, could inject unpredictable tensions and competing priorities into the region just as a new administration in Washington tries to focus afresh on the anti-terrorist struggle here.

Unlike the troop "surge" in Iraq, the doubling of the U.S. military presence on the ground in Afghanistan is not temporary, military officials said. Rather, troops will maintain a protracted presence focused on securing and holding villages currently dominated by the Taliban [emphasis added].

One conundrum, U.S. military officials say, is that the expanded forces will have to come in with heavy firepower and aggressive military tactics -- likely to create more civilian casualties and public animosity -- in order to secure rural districts so they can bring in services, aid and governance aimed at winning over the local populace...

Defence in various realms
Conference of Defence Associations media roundup, Jan. 16
http://www.cdaforumcad.ca/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1232124032

Mark
Ottawa
 
No light at end of Afghan tunnel
PM may have to put vow to end mission in 2011 on hold until new U.S. policy becomes clear

Allan Woods, 18 Jan 09
Article link

Canada could be in for a longer stay in Afghanistan as Barack Obama seeks to transform George W. Bush's forgotten war into his top foreign policy priority, say military, political and diplomatic experts.  There are few details on how the new U.S. administration plans to tackle the Taliban insurgency beyond the promise of thousands of additional troops, but governments around the world are already changing their tunes on the troubled NATO-led mission to curry favour with the president-elect....


UK soldier killed in Afghanistan
BBC online, 18 Jan 09
Article link

A British serviceman has been killed in action in southern Afghanistan, the Ministry of Defence has said.  The soldier from the 1st Battalion The Rifles died from his wounds on Saturday after being hit by enemy fire.  He was killed while on foot patrol close to the District Centre of Sangin in Helmand Province....


Newly established COP sees quick progress
Tech. Sgt. Jill LaVoie 2nd Battalion, 2nd Infantry Regiment, 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st ID PA, CJTF-101 web page, 13 Jan 09
Article link

Members of Alpha Company, 2nd Battalion, 2nd Infantry Regiment, are seeing positive results from their increased presence at the newly built Combat Outpost Terminator in Maywand District, Kandahar province, Afghanistan.  Within weeks of building a permanent COP, the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division Soldiers reported an increased willingness from local residents to assist, and receive assistance from, Coalition Forces.  “When we first came to the area, no one would talk to us,” said Capt. Chris Brawley, Alpha Co. commander and an Ellington, Mo., native. “As soon as we started building, they began talking to us.”....



District leaders fight to survive in violent south
Many Afghans losing faith in Karzai government's ability to secure districts deep in the countryside

Jane Armstrong, Globe & Mail, 15 Jan 09
Article link

....In the safer districts close to Kandahar city, some leaders have the luxury of spending time on real issues: the need for water and schools, voter registration for the coming election and employment. But in the more dangerous districts deep in the Kandahar countryside, physical survival is the top priority....


Afghanistan: We Can Do Better
Op-ed by Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, Washington Post, 18 Jan 09
Article link - .pdf permalink

....Afghan leadership is not some distant aspiration -- it's something that we need as soon as possible and on which we must insist. The basic problem in Afghanistan is not too much Taliban; it's too little good governance. Afghans need a government that deserves their loyalty and trust; when they have it, the oxygen will be sucked away from the insurgency. The international community must step up its support of the elected government, and, through it, the Afghan people. But we have paid enough, in blood and treasure, to demand that the Afghan government take more concrete and vigorous action to root out corruption and increase efficiency, even where that means difficult political choices....


Displaying rift, NATO leader turns tables on Afghan government
Maxim Kniazkov, Agence France-Presse, 18 Jan 09
Article link

NATO chief Jaap de Hoop Scheffer on Sunday denounced Afghanistan's "ineffective" government and said the authorities there were almost as much to blame for the country's plight as the resurgent Taliban.  The comments by the NATO secretary general, in an opinion piece for The Washington Post newspaper, was an unusually strong expression of the alliance's dissatisfaction with the government of Afghan President Hamid Karzai.  De Hoop Scheffer did not mention Karzai by name, but his remarks come at a politically sensitive time for the Afghan leader.  Karzai is due for re-election this year, and observers believe an open rift with NATO could substantially weaken him ahead of yet-to-be-scheduled polls....


Afghan presidential candidate focuses campaign on government corruption
Canadian Press, 17 Jan 09
Article link

Although a date has yet to be set for Afghanistan's presidential election, one candidate is already handing out campaign-style posters and displaying populist slogans on the streets of the Afghan capital of Kabul.  Ramazan Bashardost, one of the country's most outspoken members of parliament, says he's launched an unofficial campaign against the corruption that is eroding public confidence in the government.  "If I arrived in power, if we make a clean government, a clean state, if we choose a good government, a government that believes in good governance ... I am absolutely sure that 90 per cent of Taliban (will) refuse to continue the war," he said....


Afghan official bristles after Hillary Clinton refers to Afghanistan as a 'narco state'
JASON STRAZIUSO, Associated Press, 17 Jan 09
Article link

U.S. Secretary of State-designate Hillary Clinton's use of the term "narco state" to describe Afghanistan in a recent Senate testimony has caught the attention of her Afghan counterpart.  Foreign Ministry Rangin Dadfar Spanta said Saturday that it is "absolutely wrong" to classify Afghanistan as such, though the minister readily admitted that Afghanistan is a major producer of drugs.  Afghanistan produces more than 90 percent of the world's opium, the main ingredient in heroin.  "Madame Clinton is a good friend of Afghanistan, a close friend of ours," Spanta told The Associated Press in an interview arranged to rebut Clinton's classification of Afghanistan.  "But if somebody believes that our government, the government of President (Hamid) Karzai is involved as a government entity in the production of drugs, this is absolutely wrong."....

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Articles found January 19, 2009

Fresh attacks on Pakistan schools  
  Article Link

Taleban militants have blown up another five schools in north-west Pakistan, officials say, despite a government pledge to safeguard education.

The schools were destroyed in the town of Mingora in troubled Swat district.

The Taleban issued an edict in December that private schools must close by 15 January as part of their campaign to ban education for girls.

Meanwhile the Khyber route for supplies into Afghanistan was temporarily closed on Monday after a militant attack.

'Scared'

The attacks in Mingora took place despite a curfew. No-one was hurt as the winter holidays had begun.
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Twin explosions wound 10 in E Afghanistan   
www.chinaview.cn  2009-01-19 18:46:15   
  Article Link

    KABUL, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- Two explosions in Afghanistan's eastern Khost province wounded 10 persons including nine civilians on Monday, officials said.

    In the first explosion, a suicide car bomb went off close to international troops outside Khost city, the capital of Khost province, injuring nine people including five children, press department of US.-led coalition forces in the province told media.

    The four more suffered injuries in the blast were also civilians, the source added.

    These people, according to the sources, were visiting the local health clinic when the blast occurred.

    A senior police officer in Khost city Amir Hassan also confirmed the blast but declined to give details.
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Supplies for Afghan forces disrupted in Pakistan
Mon Jan 19, 2009 1:12am
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LANDIKOTAL, Pakistan, Jan 19 (Reuters) - Western military supplies to Afghanistan were suspended through Pakistan's Khyber Pass on Monday after militants attacked an army camp, killing a paramilitary soldier and wounding 10, an official said.

Pakistani supply routes from the port of Karachi to land-locked Afghanistan are vital for Western forces battling a resurgent Taliban.

They are likely to become even more important as the United States builds up its Afghanistan force, perhaps doubling it to 60,000 soldiers, this year.

A government official in the region said supplies through the Khyber had been suspended indefinitely after militants attacked the military camp with rocket-propelled grenades.

"We're preparing for an assault. We have imposed curfew in Landikotal and Jamrud. The border is also closed," said Zar Bacha Khan, referring to main towns in the Khyber region.

The U.S. military sends 75 percent of supplies for the Afghan war through or over Pakistan, including 40 percent of the fuel for its troops, the U.S. Defence Department says.
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Taliban ban 'un-Islamic' female education in Pakistan region
12:00 AM CST on Sunday, January 18, 2009 Reuters, The Associated Press
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Taliban militants have banned female education in the northwest Pakistan valley of Swat, depriving more than 40,000 girls of schooling, officials said on Saturday.

In August, residents of Pakistan's Swat valley examined books burned by militants in a government girls' school. The military is losing control in the region. "My daughters are sitting at home," said Mohammad Ayub, father of two girls whose school was blown up by militants in October. "Their future looks bleak because they will stay uneducated."

There has been fighting in the valley for more than a year, but residents say the military is losing control to militants who aim to impose a severe form of Islamic law.

Swat is just one front the militants have opened up as violence has spread across Northwest Frontier province from adjoining semi-autonomous tribal areas that border Afghanistan.
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Camp's importance no Mirage
Secret base plays a big role in mission
Posted By IAN SHANTZ  Posted 2 days ago
  Article Link

Camp Mirage: It's here, but you can't see it.

Although you can't see it -- the host nation requests Canada does not disclose the location -- it's a sparkling sort of gem of a support base to Canada's role in the mission in Afghanistan. Everything headed 'in country' comes through this place. So the fact it appears to be working is a good thing.

Troops and cargo come through Mirage, as do the Kiwis, Brits and Aussies: part of the NATO coalition in the Kandahar region. Each year, 2,500 troops are transferred out of Kandahar Airfield (KAF) via Mirage, and are replaced by 2,500 others.

Virtually every facet of Canada's role in Afghanistan relies on a camp that doesn't make many headlines -- they like it that way, to a point -- but holds a crucial impact on the mission and special place in the hearts of soldiers.

"It's critical that we get those people to understand the mission," said Lieut.-Col. Yvan Choiniere, the commanding officer for the theatre support element of Joint Task Force Afghanistan, who started his tour Dec. 11, 2008.

That mission involves everything from arranging and supplying air transportation for soldiers allotted leave time, supplying meals and sleeping quarters to soldiers in transit, providing the equipment and weaponry needed by Canadians at KAF, assisting with civilian-related deployment and visitation to Kandahar, and virtually every other detail that's key to the operation.

"If we're not here, the north (Kandahar mission) comes to a grinding halt," Choiniere said.

Camp Mirage opened soon after 9-11. Apart from the physical role it plays, its purpose goes beyond two-fold.
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ARTICLES FOUND JAN. 20

Obama's Daunting Task in Afghanistan
Time, Jan. 19
http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1872563,00.html
...
The best questions for the Obama Administration to ask are not how many troops, how quickly or for how long but rather what Afghanistan should look like when the U.S. leaves and how much time and money Washington is willing to spend.

Seven years and billions of dollars have brought Afghanistan no closer to the peaceful democracy that George W. Bush promised at the beginning of the war. Instead, the country more closely resembles the warlord-led kleptocracy of the 1990s that led to the rise of the Taliban in the first place. Corruption is the defining characteristic of the central government, and President Hamid Karzai is largely seen as an American puppet unable to rein in the excesses of government ministers or even his own family. And he's not even a good puppet — Karzai routinely and publicly berates his foreign guests in a naked attempt to court popularity in advance of presidential elections scheduled for later this year. In doing so, he is not only encouraging anti–foreign sentiment when it is least helpful, but also undermining his own status by proving that he is powerless to do anything.

At least the Obama administration is not going in blind. Last week Secretary of State nominee Hillary Clinton called Afghanistan a "narco state" whose government was "plagued by limited capacity and widespread corruption." And former ambassador to the U.N. Richard Holbrooke, who will serve as Obama's envoy for Southwest Asia, said last year that the Afghan government "is weak; it is corrupt; it has a very thin leadership veneer." And it's not just the Americans. On Sunday NATO Secretary-General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer wrote in the Washington Post that "the basic problem in Afghanistan is not too much Taliban; it's too little good governance. Afghans need a government that deserves their loyalty and trust; when they have it, the oxygen will be sucked away from the insurgency."

There has been development, of course. But even success stories are full of problems. The U.S. has built new schools, but there are not enough teachers, and salaries are so low that nobody stays. On a trip to Helmand last summer I met a farmer who had been offered a water pump that would have enabled him to turn his desert-like property into a field of wheat and vegetables. He declined it, fearing that the Taliban would find out he had accepted a gift from foreigners and would execute him as a spy.

Afghans do not see that foreign troops are bringing them the safety they desire. Instead they associate foreigners with air strikes on innocents and raids on houses, while basic security, justice and protection from crime remain out of reach. As one 13-year-old girl who had been kidnapped and raped on her way home from school told me, "Yes, I used to like school, but this happened to me when I walked home one day. Life has not improved since the Taliban left. Either way I can't get an education, but at least under the Taliban I wouldn't have to worry about getting raped."

When farmers are afraid of water pumps and young girls are nostalgic for Taliban rule, it is clear that there has been a strategic failure. Success in Afghanistan will not be measured by the number of Taliban killed or the capture of Osama bin Laden. Even elections mean little when most Afghans assume that they are fixed by foreign nations from the outset. No, success will come as incrementally as the number of teenagers who graduate from school and find a job. It will come when Afghans look to their police for help, and when they can get justice from the courts without a bribe. This is the kind of strategic vision Obama's team needs. This is the change Afghans can believe in.

Who 'Owns' Afghanistan?
RFE/RL, Jan. 19
http://www.rferl.org/content/commentary_Who_Owns_Afghanistan/1371837.html

KABUL -- Success has many fathers, while failure is an orphan. It's an adage that looks increasingly apt in Afghanistan as stability continues to elude the country.

Accusations and counteraccusations fly. President Hamid Karzai has been increasingly vocal in blaming the West for the worst ills afflicting his country -- an explosion of poppy production, a resurgence of the Taliban and Islamic extremism, and even pervasive corruption. His government lacks the requisite control, funds, and support, he says.

Albeit a little less vocally, some in the international community have laid much of the blame at Karzai's doorstep. The Afghan president is regarded by such critics as a weak leader, prone to opportunism, nepotism, and shady backroom deals.

Karzai has accused NATO of operating a "second government" in Afghanistan. Strictly speaking, he might be right. Most development projects do not originate within Afghan government ministries, and most financial assistance never passes through them. Western governments also control the international troops without whom the country would collapse "the next day," in the words of one of Karzai's own ministers.

Karzai's real problem, however, is the existence of a third power structure. Various insurgent formations exert real, daily power in about half of Afghanistan's 34 provinces. It is in recognition of this fact that Karzai is now seeking deals with insurgents. And the international community supports him in this.

What the West appears to want is a government in Afghanistan with enough political authority and legitimacy to allow it to take full charge of the entire country. That is arguably not the case today; the international community is in the difficult position of having to act on behalf of a government that in crucial respects remains its own ward.

Faced with this chicken-and-egg problem, Western officials in Kabul often resort to talk of "Afghanization" of governance in the country. There appears to be no agreement, however, as to how advanced this process might be...

Afghan Awakening puts Canada, U.S. at odds over foreign policy
Obama administration intends to apply Iraq strategy to Afghanistan

Edmonton Journal, Jan. 20
http://www.canada.com/components/print.aspx?id=e4cad672-77f3-401a-b9be-91faf5df3ce7&sponsor=

The election of Barack Obama and Gen. David Petraeus's appointment as the head of U.S. Central Command have brought the U.S. a greater commitment to the Afghanistan war.

Just as one of Petraeus's top priorities upon assuming command of Multi-National Force-Iraq was changing the coalition forces' failing strategy, he also wants to change the approach to Afghanistan.

Much of the United States' success in Iraq over the past two years can be attributed to the rise of the "Awakening" movement, a collection of Sunni tribesmen, Iraqi nationalists, ex-Baathists, and others who were united by the goal of driving al-Qaida from their country. The U.S. has presented a plan to organize Afghans in a similar manner.

While some NATO leaders have supported this strategy, Canada has stated its opposition to attempts to create an Afghan Awakening.

Canadian Defence Minister Peter MacKay recently said that creating local forces could be "counterproductive," and that Canada prefers "to continue with this more formal training process that leads to a more reliable, more professional soldier and Afghan national security force."..

The main reason to try an Afghan Awakening is that there appears to be little alternative. As Canadian Lt.-Gen. Michel Gauthier has observed, even with the expected U.S. troop "surge" in Afghanistan, there won't be enough coalition and Afghan forces to provide short-term stability. "I've criticized the notion from time to time," Lt.-Gen. Gauthier told the Canadian Press, but "in the absence of sufficient ANP (Afghan National Police) and ANA (Afghan National Army), what's the solution?"

Plan offers many benefits

Building on existing opposition to the Taliban in Afghanistan, an Afghan Awakening could offer a number of benefits. One of them is providing indigenous popular support to coalition efforts, which is currently lacking. Second, much of the Taliban's popular support is predicated on the idea that they are better than chaos. The Taliban have a functioning structure of government in areas where the central government does not. An Awakening movement would provide an alternative, other than the Afghan government, to the Taliban and outright anarchy.

The main arguments against an Afghan Awakening involve the effect that it would have on Afghanistan's central government, and the national military and police. The bottom line, though, is that there is no forced choice between attempting to create an Awakening and working to strengthen the Afghan national forces. The coalition can work to build both simultaneously.

Nor would an Afghan Awakening necessarily pose a long-term challenge to Afghanistan's central government. Currently, the Sons of Iraq are either being incorporated into Iraq's security forces or else their fighters are being sent to vocational colleges to prepare for non-military work. Though there have been problems with this process, reintegration of the Sons of Iraq has been largely successful (albeit ongoing). In the long term, an Afghan Awakening could be similarly incorporated into the Afghan forces.

To succeed, an Afghan Awakening would have to be flexible and have strong leaders. Afghanistan's needs differ dramatically from province to province and district to district, and the Awakening model should reflect divergent local needs. Moreover, Iraq's Awakening benefited from having a charismatic leader at its founding: the slain Abdul Sattar al-Rishawi. His brother, present Awakening leader Sheikh Ahmed Abu Risha, noted this in a 47-page memorandum sent to U.S. forces in April 2008 that outlines how an Awakening could be fomented in Afghanistan.

Regardless of the success of the new strategy, 2009 will likely be a challenging and deadly year in Afghanistan. Coalition casualties in Iraq increased in 2007 as Gen. Petraeus's new strategy was implemented, and there wasn't a substantial reduction in military casualties until October.

Despite these initial hardships, the changes in strategy in Iraq helped to change the situation on the ground: monthly civilian and military casualty numbers are now about a third of what they were in 2006 and 2007.

With coalition casualties in Afghanistan reaching their highest levels in 2008, there does not appear to be a strong alternative to trying an Afghan Awakening.

Daveed Gartenstein-Ross is director of the Center for Terrorism Research at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. Joshua D. Goodman is deputy director of FDD's Center for Terrorism Research

Afghanistan seeks control over NATO deployments
AP, Jan. 20
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hvWEqwq3CrRvaQCmt21MfoYhjZJQD95QSRCO0

The Afghan government has sent NATO headquarters a draft agreement that would give Afghanistan more control over future NATO deployments in the country — including the deployment of some U.S. troops, officials said Tuesday.

The draft technical agreement would put into place rules of conduct for NATO-led troops in Afghanistan and the number of additional NATO troops and their location would have to be approved by the Afghan government.

The agreement — an attempt by Afghanistan to gain more control over international military operations — would also prohibit NATO troops from conducting any searches of Afghan homes, according to a copy of the draft obtained by The Associated Press.

Afghan President Hamid Karzai said Tuesday that his government sent the draft agreement to NATO about two weeks ago.

Addressing parliament at its opening session, a frustrated Karzai said the U.S. and other Western military allies have not heeded his calls to stop airstrikes in civilian areas in Afghanistan. He warned that the fight against militants cannot be won without popular support from Afghans.

The Afghan president urged the U.S. and NATO to follow a new military strategy in Afghanistan that would increase cooperation with Afghan forces and officials to prevent the killing and maiming of civilians.

"We will not accept civilian casualties on our soil during the fight against terrorism and we cannot tolerate it," Karzai told parliament...

NATO chief seeks 10,000 more troops for Afghan polls
AFP, Jan. 19
http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5heBJ17n9XhKwVbyStMKXuv80WUWQ

NATO needs 10,000 more troops to help provide security for elections in Afghanistan this year, NATO Secretary General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer said Monday.

"The elections demand an additional effort," he told members of the Belgian parliament's foreign affairs committee, putting the number at "10,000 troops for four months".

The polls are scheduled for late this year -- no date has been set -- and will be a key test of seven-year-old US and NATO-led efforts to build a democratically elected central government in Afghanistan.

The NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) comprises over 51,000 troops from nearly 40 countries, according to figures released last month.

Most of them are deployed in the south and east of the country, where Taliban militants are most active, to help bring security and extend the government's authority to allow reconstruction and development.

Earlier at NATO headquarters Monday, Scheffer urged the alliance's European allies to make greater troop and aid contributions to match new US efforts expected this year...

Afghan president claims defense deal with Russia
AP, Jan. 19
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hvWEqwq3CrRvaQCmt21MfoYhjZJQD95QBD100

Russia is ready to cooperate on defense matters with Afghanistan, the Afghan president said Monday. The announcement coincides with increasingly public tensions between Afghan and Western officials, as well as Russia's heightened efforts to assert itself on the international stage.

In a letter, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said cooperation on defense issues would "be effective for both countries and also effective for maintaining security in the region," Afghan President Hamid Karzai's office said in a statement.

"As a friendly government to Afghanistan, Russia is ready to offer its cooperation to an independent and a democratic Afghanistan," the statement quoted Medvedev as saying.

The statement did not say how the two countries would cooperate, but historically they have been at odds. Russian soldiers were part of the Soviet Army that occupied Afghanistan throughout the 1980s, before being forced to withdraw in 1989 following years of a U.S.-supported insurgency that drained Soviet resources and contributed to the country's collapse.

A spokesman at the Kremlin in Russia said he had no detail about the exchange between Medvedev and Karzai.

Moscow has little to gain if the U.S. and NATO fail to defeat the Taliban and install a strong central Afghan government, and says it wants stability in Afghanistan. The relationship between NATO and Russia has been delicate for years, but Russia in November allowed Spain and Germany to use Russian rail lines to ship supplies for their forces in Afghanistan.

Gen. David Petraeus, the chief of the U.S. Central Command, said Monday that the U.S. has secured agreements to transport equipment for troops in Afghanistan through Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Russia [emphasis added].

Dutch and Australian foreign ministers discuss Afghanistan
ABC Radio (Australia), Jan. 20
http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/connectasia/stories/200901/s2470073.htm

Australia and the Netherlands, a key NATO contributor, are discussing the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan and progress with reconstruction of the country. The Dutch foreign minister is on an official visit to Australia and has again left the door open for an extended role for his country's troops in Afghanistan.

Presenter: Linda Mottram, Canberra correspondent
Speaker: Maxime Verhagen, foreign minister of the Netherlands; Stephen Smith, Australian foreign minister

MOTTRAM: One of Maxime Verhagen's tasks, on landing in Perth, Western Australia, was to open an exhibition of photos from Afghanistan, commissioned, Mr Verhagen said, by the Dutch government.

VERHAGEN: When we look to the newspapers in the Netherlands, and I'm convinced that it will be more or less the same in Australia, the public sees pictures of soldiers. And they have the picture or the image that the developments in Afghanistan concentrate on the military aspect and what we wanted to show is that there is also another Afghanistan, that there is development, that there is a new Afghanistan.

MOTTRAM: The exhibition, called "Out of the Dust: Life in Afghanistan" features images such as a girls' school, a child's repaired wounds, the difficulties and resilience of the Afghan people. Its photographic merit is clear. But so is its wider message .. one that Australia too stresses .. that the country's soldiers are not only fighting in Afghanistan, but also building.

The Dutch and Australian experience in Afghanistan is a shared one, with the two nations' soldiers working together in Oruzgan province, at least until next year when Dutch forces are scheduled to pull out. Australia's Foreign Minister, Stephen Smith.

SMITH: There's a shared commitment not just to a military contribution to secure peace and security in Afghanistan, but also as our remarks and as the photographic exhibition reflects, to the notion of nation-building, to building the capacity of the Afghan nation to take care of its own demands.

That the task in Afghanistan is a long term one is indisputable. Most controversial is the issue of whether progress is being made. What's not in question for those contributing to the International Stabilisation Assistance Force is that more, not fewer soldiers are needed. Barack Obama in the US is set to redirect his forces from Iraq to Afghanistan. And he's asking other nations to boost their contributions. Australia -- already a disproportionately large contributor to the Afghanistan effort -- is also pushing especially reluctant NATO nations to do more.

It's a message Foreign minister Verhagen will hear when he goes on to talks with Australia's Defence Minister, Joel Fitzgibbon.

Mr Verhagen has already hinted that the Netherlands may be willing to stay on in Afghanistan beyond next year. Speaking in Perth he added to the expectation.

VERHAGEN: We will end our role as a lead nation in the task force in 2010, the end of 2010, but its also clear that the Netherlands will be involved in rebuilding of Afghanistan for many years to come.

MOTTRAM: So far, Mr Verhagen says there's been no discussion of extending the Dutch military mandate, let alone any decision. A possible trigger for that discussion though could come soon, with Barack Obama in the White House [emphasis added]...

Mark
Ottawa

 
Articles found January 21, 2009

Commander says choppers needed for Olympics will strain Afghan mission
THE CANADIAN PRESS
Article Link

KANDAHAR, Afghanistan - The commander of Canada's air wing says Canadian Forces helicopters needed to secure the 2010 Olympic Games in Vancouver will put "pressure" on the military's chopper requirements in Afghanistan.

Col. Christopher Coates says the air force, like other branches of the military, will be forced to juggle its resources during the Olympics. Coates says he doesn't know if the diversion of helicopters to Vancouver will affect the military mission in Afghanistan.

The newly sworn-in commander of 408 Tactical Helicopter Squadron, Lt.-Col. Jeff Scott, also says the security requirements for the Vancouver Olympics will put a "big drain on helicopter resources."

Lt.-Gen. Andrew Leslie recently said up to 4,000 Canadian soldiers will be on the ground in Vancouver for the Games - stretching the military's resources as the war in Afghanistan continues.
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US commander briefs Karzai on US Afghanistan surge
1 day ago Article Link

KABUL (AFP) — Afghan President Hamid Karzai and the top US commander for southwest Asia discussed new strategies in the "war on terror" and an imminent surge of US forces to the country, Kabul said Wednesday.

Karzai received General David Petraeus at the presidential palace in the Afghan capital late on Tuesday ahead of the inauguration of Barack Obama in Washington, the president's office told AFP.

They discussed the deployment of extra US soldiers in Afghanistan this year, Karzai's spokesman Homayun Hamidzada said.

The reinforcements of up to 30,000 soldiers are seen as an Iraq-style "surge" -- in reference to the strategy masterminded by Petraeus and which turned around a Sunni Muslim insurgency -- and illustrate a new focus on Afghanistan by Obama's government.

The incoming US president has identified the battle against Al-Qaeda and Taliban militants in Afghanistan as one of his administration's priorities.

Karzai reissued a call for "reviewing the war in Afghanistan -- how we do it, where we do it, the issue of minimising civilian casualties, and empowering the Afghan forces with training and equipment," Hamidzada said.
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Report: Al Qaeda Group Bungled Test of Unconventional Weapon
Tuesday, January 20, 2009 By Eli Lake, Washington Times
Article Link

An Al Qaeda affiliate in Algeria closed a base earlier this month after an experiment with unconventional weapons went awry, a senior U.S. intelligence official said Monday.

The official, who spoke on the condition he not be named because of the sensitive nature of the issue, said he could not confirm press reports that the accident killed at least 40 Al Qaeda operatives, but he said the mishap led the militant group to shut down a base in the mountains of Tizi Ouzou province in eastern Algeria.

He said authorities in the first week of January intercepted an urgent communication between the leadership of Al Qaeda in the Land of the Maghreb (AQIM) and Al Qaeda's leadership in the tribal region of Pakistan on the border with Afghanistan. The communication suggested that an area sealed to prevent leakage of a biological or chemical substance had been breached, according to the official.

"We don't know if this is biological or chemical," the official said.

The story was first reported by the British tabloid the Sun, which said the Al Qaeda operatives died after being infected with a strain of bubonic plague, the disease that killed a third of Europe's population in the 14th century. But the intelligence official dismissed that claim.
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New tools aid Afghan mission
Armoured helicopters will be operated by Edmonton-based troops
By ALYSSA NOEL, SUN MEDIA
Article Link

In 2006, during his first tour in Afghanistan, Master Cpl. Shawn Crowder witnessed suicide bombers blow up an armed military vehicle, killing two soldiers.

Although he's hopeful that the country is safer and more stable than it was three years ago, he says the new CH-146 Griffon helicopters that Canadian troops are currently being trained to operate will prevent deaths like the ones he has seen.

"I know what it's like to be (on the ground)," he told Sun Media from Kandahar yesterday. "I've had people killed behind and in front of me."

The first of eight armed helicopters arrived at Kandahar Airfield last month.

With extra sensors, Gatling guns on top of their existing side door machine-guns and armour plating, the helicopters will be used to escort larger Chinook transport helicopters as well as to spot roadside bombs, which have killed more than half of the Canadian soldiers who have died in Afghanistan.

"(We're doing) anything we can do to lessen the load of convoys," Crowder said.

Crews from the 408 Tactical Helicopter Squadron based in Edmonton will operate the helicopters.

TROOP LIFE CHANGES

Crowder, who's based in Edmonton with his wife, Jacqueline, and two teenage sons, is in charge of transport, overseeing everything from water and fuel runs to repairs. "It's been busy," since he arrived for his second tour in November, he said.
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On run with Ignatieff
'I also believe passionately a country can't spend more than it earns, it's got to pay its way'
By CHRISTINA SPENCER, NATIONAL BUREAU 20th January 2009, 2:52am
Article Link

Canada shouldn't extend its military mission in Afghanistan past 2011 even if U.S. President Barack Obama asks us point-blank to do, says Liberal Leader Michael Ignatieff.

In an interview with Sun Media yesterday, touching on everything from a possible Liberal-NDP coalition to elections to his own decades living outside this country, Ignatieff said Canada has "made a decade-long contribution (in Afghanistan) and we think it's time to come home."

But Canada should stay involved in other crucial ways, he added, including through humanitarian aid, development and diplomacy. "We know a great deal about Afghanistan."

In the interview in his Parliament Hill office a week before Parliament meets to consider a federal budget, Ignatieff also balked at the idea, floated by the Conservatives, of broad, middle-class tax cuts, saying these would drive the country into a permanent deficit.

"My vision of tax cuts we can afford are those targeted at the lowest end of income distribution, to boost their purchasing power," Ignatieff said. "If (Stephen Harper) is talking about much, much broader tax cuts with a much wider target, he's going to have to explain to Canadians how that doesn't pitch us into structural deficit,"

The following is an edited excerpt of the interview:

Question: I don't think there are more than about two people on the Hill who think you would go through with a coalition government with the NDP, so why do you keep this idea alive?

Answer: We have already discovered what the coalition has done to force Mr. Harper back from an attack on the right of public sector workers to strike, on the financing of political parties, on pay equity for women, on the timing of the budget itself.
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Czech government slashes 2009 troop numbers for Afghanistan
Europe News Jan 19, 2009, 13:07 GMT
Article Link

Prague - The Czech Republic government agreed Monday to reduce its planned troop numbers in Afghanistan for 2009 in a bid to cement parliamentary support for country's military deployments abroad, officials said.

The parliament's lower house spiked an earlier cabinet proposal on this year's military deployments on December 19. The rejection has threatened troop withdrawals from Afghanistan and Kosovo by March.

Under the revamped proposal, the government asks lawmakers to approve up to 480 soldiers for NATO's International Security Assistance Force mission in Afghanistan, down from cabinet's original request for up to 645 troops but a slight boost from the 2008 limit of 415 soldiers.
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Obama to seek Afghanistan troops elsewhere: MacKay
CP, Jan. 21
http://www.edmontonsun.com/News/Canada/2009/01/21/8099536.html

Defence Minister Peter MacKay predicts new U.S. President Barack Obama will seek increased troop commitments for Afghanistan from other NATO allies rather than Canada.

And the withdrawal date for Canada’s combat troops remains 2011, MacKay said Wednesday, regardless of how charming and persuasive Obama may be in proposing an international rededication to the Afghan mission.

“That’s got nothing to do with it,” MacKay said as he entered a meeting of the Conservative caucus in preparation for next week’s Commons return.

“We have to be practical and pragmatic and also respect our parliamentary decision.”

With some 2,700 Canadian troops currently in Afghanistan, 107 killed, $18.1 billion spent and seven years of combat already under its belt, “Canada is carrying its fair share of the load and 2011 is the fixed date,” said MacKay.

Foreign Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon gave a slightly more nuanced answer in an interview with The Canadian Press this week.

Cannon welcomed the proposed U.S. troop surge but added Canada’s position “hasn’t changed.”

“That position calls for our withdrawal, our military withdrawal, from a combat mission in 2011. That is the course of action and anything beyond and above that is pure speculation at this stage of the game.”

Some analysts and pundits have suggested a renewed U.S. focus on Afghanistan could place intense pressure on the government of Prime Minister Stephen Harper to extend the Canadian mission again.
Click here to find out more!

But MacKay predicts Obama will look for — and find — help elsewhere.

“Look, what I think President Obama is going to do is go on an extensive tour of NATO allies requesting that they step up, that they come to the fight and provide more actual, tangible support to ensure success in Afghanistan,” said the defence minister.

“And I think that will happen.”

A recent Ekos-CBC poll found that 55 per cent of Canadian respondents opposed an extension of the mission, while 30 per cent supported the idea.

The realities of minority government have forced Harper to shift his Afghanistan timelines dramatically in the past three years.

“Cutting and running is not your way,” Harper told Canadian troops during a surprise visit to Kandahar shortly after he took office early in 2006.

“It’s not my way and it’s not the Canadian way. We don’t make a commitment and then run away at the first sign of trouble. We don’t and we won’t.”

In May 2007, Harper said Canada “can’t set arbitrary deadlines and simply wish for the best.”

But during last fall’s election campaign, Harper unabashedly affirmed his government will adhere to the February 2011 deadline endorsed by Parliament last March.

“You have to put an end date on these things,” Harper said in September. “We intend to end it.”

Petraeus on Afghan visit after supply routes deal
Reuters, Jan. 21
http://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSTRE50K1KK20090121?feedType=RSS&feedName=topNews

U.S. General David Petraeus met Afghan President Hamid Karzai overnight, U.S. officials said on Wednesday, after the regional military chief said deals had been made on new transport routes into Afghanistan from Central Asia.

The U.S. military has had to look at new ways to help supply its troops in the landlocked country from the north after Taliban militants have attacked and torched dozens of trucks carrying supplies on the main route through Pakistan.

That need to supplement the Pakistan route is even more great now as the President Barack Obama is expected to soon approve plans to almost double the 30,000 U.S. troops in Afghanistan as part of his pledge to make the war one of his top priorities.

Petraeus arrived in the Afghan capital late on Tuesday from Pakistan after visiting Afghanistan's northern neighbors Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. He met Karzai and left shortly afterwards, the U.S. military said.

Tajikistan's Foreign Minister Khamrokhon Zarifi later told reporters that he and Tajik President Imomali Rakhmon would soon visit Brussels where an agreement on the transit of NATO supplies could be struck.

"During our visit to Europe, to Brussels, next month we will finalize the negotiation process [emphasis added]," Zarifi said in Dushanbe.

In Kabul, Karzai's office said in a statement that the Afghan president and Petraeus had discussed "how to effectively combat regional terrorism and the way to prevent civilian casualties and gain the trust of the people."

The meeting came only hours after Karzai told parliament that civilians deaths at the hands of foreign troops was a main source of instability in Afghanistan.

Some 2,000 civilians were killed in Afghanistan last year, including around 450 by international forces, aid groups say. A rights group warned last week that if U.S. military procedures did not change, more foreign troops could mean more casualties.

Mark
Ottawa
 
ARTICLES FOUND JAN. 22

Taliban Fill NATO’s Big Gaps in Afghan South
NY Times, Jan. 21, by Dexter Filkin
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/22/world/asia/22taliban.html?pagewanted=1&ref=world

TSAPOWZAI, Afghanistan — The Taliban are everywhere the soldiers are not, the saying goes in the southern part of the country.

And that is a lot of places.

For starters, there is the 550 miles of border with Pakistan, where the Taliban’s busiest infiltration routes lie.

“We’re not there,” said Brig. Gen. John W. Nicholson, the deputy commander of NATO forces in southern Afghanistan. “The borders are wide open.”

Then there is the 100-mile stretch of Helmand River running south from the town of Garmser, where the Taliban and their money crop, poppy, bloom in isolation.

“No one,” General Nicholson said, pointing to the area on the map.

Then there is Nimroz Province, all of it, which borders Iran. No troops there. And the Ghorak district northwest of Kandahar, which officers refer to as the “jet stream” for the Taliban fighters who flow through.

Ditto the districts of Shah Wali Kot, Kharkrez and Nesh, where the presence of NATO troops is minimal or nil.

“We don’t have enough forces to secure the population,” General Nicholson said.

The general is going to get a lot more troops very soon. American commanders in southern Afghanistan have been told to make plans to accept nearly all of the 20,000 to 30,000 additional troops that the Obama administration has agreed to deploy.

The influx promises to significantly reshape the environment of southern Afghanistan, the birthplace of the Taliban. The region now produces an estimated 90 percent of the world’s opium, which bankrolls the Taliban.

While the American-led coalition holds the cities and highways, it appears to have ceded much of the countryside to the Taliban, because it lacks sufficient forces to confront them.

A force of about 20,000 American, British, Canadian and Dutch soldiers have been trying for years to secure the 78,000 square miles of villages, cities, mountains and deserts that make up southern Afghanistan. The region is one of the two centers of the Taliban insurgency, which has made a remarkable resurgence since being booted from power in November 2001.

The other center is in the eastern mountains, where 22,500 American troops are battling a multiheaded enemy, which includes Al Qaeda. Its operational center is based in the tribal areas of Pakistan.

Here in southern Afghanistan, the insurgency is homegrown and self-sustaining. The home village of the Taliban leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, is 30 miles from here. Poppy fields, now fallow in winter, dot the countryside here and in neighboring Helmand Province. The United Nations estimates that the opium trade provides the Taliban with about $300 million a year.

American commanders say the open borders allow the opium to move unimpeded into Pakistan and other places, and for weapons and other supplies to flow in. Five of the six busiest Taliban infiltration routes are in the south, American officers said.

“Drugs out,” one American officer said, “guns in.”

The commanders here call the current situation “stalemate,” meaning they can hold what they have but cannot do much else. Of the 20,000 British, American and other troops here, only roughly 300 — a group of British Royal Marines — can be moved around the region to strike the Taliban. All the other units must stay where they are, lest the area they hold slip from their grasp.

It is perhaps in Kandahar, one of the provincial capitals, where the lack of troops is most evident. About 3,000 Canadian soldiers are assigned to secure the city, home to about 500,000 people. In a recent visit, this reporter traveled the city for five days and did not see a single Canadian soldier on the streets [emphasis added].

The lack of troops has allowed the Taliban to mount significant attacks inside the city. Two clerics who joined a pro-government advisory council, for instance, have been gunned down in the past two months, bringing the total assassinated council members to 24. Over the summer, a Taliban force invaded Kandahar and stormed its main prison, freeing more than 1,200 inmates.

But whether extra troops will have the desired impact is unclear. Adding 20,000 new troops to the 20,000 Western soldiers already here — in addition to an equal number of Afghan policemen and army personnel — would bring the total to 60,000. The six provinces that make up southern Afghanistan have a population of 3.2 million. In that case, the ratio of troops to population would just match that recommended by the United States Army’s counterinsurgency manual: 50 people per soldier or police officer [emphasis added].

American commanders say the extra troops will better enable them to pursue a more sophisticated campaign against the insurgents; the overriding objective, rather than killing Taliban fighters, is to provide security for the civilian population and thereby isolate the insurgents.

Even so, many of the Western troops already here are not deployed among the population. And Afghanistan, with its predominantly rural population living in mostly small villages, presents unique challenges.

Across much of the countryside, the Taliban appear to hold the upper hand, not necessarily because they are popular, but because they are unopposed. Hediatullah Hediat, for instance, is a businessman from Musa Qala, a city in Helmand Province that was occupied by the Taliban for much of 2007 until the insurgents were expelled by British troops at the end of that year. (The British have about 8,000 troops in Helmand Province.) The British, Mr. Hediat said, control the center of Musa Qala and nothing more...

NATO: Aid Needed for Afghan War
AP, Jan. 22
http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2009/01/22/world/AP-AS-Afghanistan.html

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan (AP) -- President Barack Obama's plan to nearly double American troop numbers in Afghanistan needs to be matched by a similar surge in development workers and aid funding, NATO's top official said Thursday [emphasis added].

In a sign of the tough fight ahead in Afghanistan, NATO and Afghan troops earlier in the day killed up to 22 militants in airstrikes and ground battles near the border with Pakistan, officials said.

The U.S. has some 33,000 troops in Afghanistan battling a resurgent Taliban, but Obama is expected to send up to 30,000 more this year as his administration shifts its focus from the war in Iraq to Afghanistan.

Speaking in Pakistan, NATO's Secretary General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer said the new troops will take the fight to ''places where it was not, or insufficiently, possible up till now.''

Scheffer said other NATO allies should also boost troop levels in Afghanistan if possible, but also increase the number of civilian experts to help with reconstruction and development in a country brought to its knees by decades of war.

''I do see the need for the military surge President Obama is proposing, but it should be met with a civilian surge,'' he told reporters. ''Let us not be under the illusion that extra U.S. force (alone) will do the trick.''..

Holbrooke named special adviser
AP, Jan. 22
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090122/ap_on_go_ca_st_pe/clinton_holbrooke_1

Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton has introduced former U.N. ambassador Richard Holbrooke to be a special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan.

In making the announcement, Clinton said anything short of a "relentless diplomatic effort" in the region will fail. She said Holbrooke's challenge would be to coordinate U.S. efforts in the region, including those of the Pentagon.

Holbrooke noted that Pakistan and Afghanistan have "different histories" and traditions, yet find themselves inextricably linked. Referring to the Taliban and al-Qaida, he said both countries are waging a difficult struggle against an "enemy without any scruples" in the tribal areas along their shared border.

Holbrooke pledged to bring coherence to foreign assistance efforts he described as "chaotic."

SCENARIOS--Holbrooke faces big test in Afghanistan/Pakistan
Reuters, Jan. 22
http://www.reuters.com/article/vcCandidateFeed1/idUSTRE50L6G320090122

President Barack Obama on Thursday appointed foreign policy veteran Richard Holbrooke as a special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Holbrooke, a former ambassador to the United Nations who negotiated the 1995 peace agreement that ended the Bosnian war, faces an array of challenges in dealing with the war in Afghanistan and its tense and fragile border with Pakistan.

Here are some of the problems and possibilities for U.S. action in the region:

- President Barack Obama has ordered a review of the U.S. strategy in Afghanistan. He promised during the campaign to bolster troop levels there to battle growing violence and a resurgent Taliban and al Qaeda, but new Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said at her confirmation hearing that a broader strategy was needed in Afghanistan that included diplomacy, defense and development.

In addition to more troops in Afghanistan, the United States has promised more nonmilitary aid to Pakistan devoted in part to developing tribal areas where al Qaeda militants have flourished. Osama bin Laden and other top al Qaeda militants are believed to be hiding in the mountainous border region of Pakistan near Afghanistan.

- Clinton has suggested a U.S. envoy would need to shuttle between Pakistan and Afghanistan to help guide the efforts in the border region between the two countries, and has suggested she will be looking for more regional support. The United States could look to India, central Asian states and even China or Russia for help. The United States also has stepped up pressure on Pakistan to battle jihadi groups since the Mumbai attacks in November that killed 179 people and raised tensions between the two south Asian nuclear rivals.

- In developing a comprehensive approach to the region, the Obama administration must also wrestle with the growing tension between India and Pakistan. The two have fought three wars since 1947, and relations between the countries have deteriorated since the Mumbai attacks. India blames the attacks on Pakistani militants, but Islamabad has denied any involvement by state agencies. India has paused a peace process that started in 2004, and the United States must decide how hard it will press for a resumption -- particularly before Indian elections in May.

- The United States must decide how involved to become in the dispute over Kashmir, a region claimed by both India and Pakistan that has been a flashpoint between the countries for decades. Pakistan sees a settlement as essential to normalizing relations. India rejects any outside effort to influence its approach to Kashmir and has been nervous about Obama's suggestion during the campaign that a special envoy was needed there. A solution to that dispute could free Islamabad to focus more on Afghanistan.

Mark
Ottawa
 
ARTICLES FOUND JAN. 23

Afghanistan and Obama
Conference of Defence Associations' media round-up, Jan. 23
http://www.cdaforumcad.ca/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1232733032

Obama says Pakistan, Afghanistan require wider strategy
AFP, Jan. 23
http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5ghb7OzxcCbsAzHzMBQMyDaGKdcJQ

US President Barack Obama on Thursday [Jan. 22] said Islamist extremists in Pakistan and Afghanistan posed a grave threat that his new administration would tackle as a single problem under a wider strategy.

In announcing a special envoy to the region, Obama said the situation was "deteriorating" and that the war in Afghanistan could not be separated from the volatile border area with Pakistan, where Al-Qaeda and Taliban elements have regrouped.

"This is the central front in our enduring struggle against terrorism and extremism. There, as in the Middle East, we must understand that we cannot deal with our problems in isolation," Obama told employees of the State Department.

Obama, saying US strategy would be carefully reviewed, announced the appointment of seasoned diplomat Richard Holbrooke as a special representative to Pakistan and Afghanistan -- where the Taliban has come back from its ouster by US-led forces in 2001 to wage a bloody insurgency.

"There is no answer in Afghanistan that does not confront the Al-Qaeda and Taliban bases along the border, and there will be no lasting peace unless we expand spheres of opportunity for the people of Afghanistan and Pakistan," Obama said.

"This is truly an international challenge of the highest order."

As a candidate, Obama accused his predecessor of taking his "eye off the ball" by invading Iraq. He has vowed to send more combat troops to Afghanistan and reiterated Thursday he would place a higher priority on the region.

Obama said Holbrooke "will help lead our effort to forge and implement a strategic and sustainable approach to this critical region."

"My administration is committed to refocusing attention and resources on Afghanistan and Pakistan and to spending those resources wisely."

But the new president gave a stark assessment of the conditions in Afghanistan and its border with Pakistan, warning "that the American people and the international community must understand that the situation is perilous and progress will take time."

He said violence was up sharply in Afghanistan and that "Al-Qaeda and the Taliban strike from bases embedded in rugged tribal terrain along the Pakistani border."

"And while we have yet to see another attack on our soil since 9/11, Al-Qaeda terrorists remain at large and remain plotting."

US intelligence agencies suspect Osama bin Laden and other Al-Qaeda figures are operating out of the mountainous border region of Pakistan near Afghanistan...[/quote]

Suspected US missile strikes kill 18 in Pakistan
AP, Jan. 23
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hkiMxbHNH0BqgpWA2ZG6VD6wVTmAD95SVITO4

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan--Two suspected U.S missile attacks killed 18 people Friday in Pakistan just east of the Afghan border, security officials said, the first such strikes since the inauguration of President Barack Obama.

At least five victims were identified as foreign militants, an intelligence officer said.

The strikes, which hit two districts of the lawless region where al-Qaida militants are known to hide out, are the latest in a barrage of more than 30 since the middle of last year.

Pakistan's pro-U.S. leaders had expressed hope Obama would halt the attacks [emphasis added], which have reportedly killed several top al-Qaida operatives but triggered anger at the government by nationalist and Muslim critics.

Islamabad routinely protests the strikes in the northwest as a violation of the country's sovereignty, but most observers speculate that it has an unwritten agreement allowing them to take place, noting it would be highly damaging to be seen as colluding with Washington in attacks on its people.

The missiles are normally fired from spy planes believed to be launched from across the border in Afghanistan...

NATO: Aid needed for Afghan war
AP, Jan. 22
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/22/AR2009012200579.html

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan -- President Barack Obama's plan to nearly double American troop numbers in Afghanistan needs to be matched by a similar surge in development workers and aid funding, NATO's top official said Thursday...

[NATO Secretary General Jaap de Hoop] Scheffer said other NATO allies should also boost troop levels in Afghanistan if possible, but also increase the number of civilian experts to help with reconstruction and development in a country brought to its knees by decades of war.

"I do see the need for the military surge President Obama is proposing, but it should be met with a civilian surge [emphasis added]," he told reporters. "Let us not be under the illusion that extra U.S. force (alone) will do the trick."..

Disputes cloud Afghan 'public guards' plan
The Western-backed program to organize volunteer tribesmen to ward off Taliban attacks on their villages has been delayed. Some fear a resurgence of intertribal violence.

LA Times, Jan. 22
http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-afghan-militias23-2009jan23,0,918722.story

In village after village, the pattern is the same. Sinister "night letters" threaten tribal elders considered loyal to the government. The local girls school is forced to close down -- or goes up in flames. Those bold or reckless enough to travel by road risk ambush, abduction or worse.

Alarmed by the tightening Taliban grip on huge swaths of Afghan countryside, U.S. strategists last year began quietly pushing the idea of using locally recruited tribesmen to protect their villages against an increasingly lethal insurgency.

But since then, this American-backed and Afghan-administered "public guards" initiative has been hit by disputes and delays, clouding prospects for wider success even before a limited pilot program begins.

Proponents say the public guards could provide much-needed backup for thinly deployed Western and Afghan forces -- who, NATO and U.S. commanders say, will remain overstretched even with the arrival this year of as many as 30,000 additional American troops. President Obama has indicated that the Afghan conflict will be a top priority of his new administration.

But Western diplomats and Afghan officials familiar with planning of the public guards program say fundamental disagreements remain over the mission and makeup of the force. The disputes include such basics as whether its members will be armed and by whom, how they will be vetted and who will command them...

...An inaugural effort was to have been launched already in Wardak, a violence-plagued province on Kabul's doorstep, as a prelude to setting up similar micro-militias in the country's south and east. But Afghanistan's Interior Ministry, which will oversee the public guards program, has several times postponed its rollout...

"We are not talking here about creating tribal militias," said Army Col. Gregory Julian, a spokesman for U.S. forces in Afghanistan. U.S. and North Atlantic Treaty Organization commanders instead liken the program to a "neighborhood watch" -- albeit one more anxious about beheadings and school burnings than burglary...

"We need to protect our country with our police and army, not a bunch of uneducated guys running around with guns," said Khan Mohammed, a businessman in the southern city of Kandahar. "One trained soldier or policeman is better than 10 or even 50 militiamen, because they won't follow any rules."

But to authorities in places like Wardak, where long stretches of the main national highway are littered with the remains of bombed-out convoys and government control is tenuous everywhere except district centers, the idea seems worth trying...

U.S. and NATO officials said they did not envision arming the public guards. But one American military official acknowledged that nearly every village home has weapons, and use of them might be tacitly allowed...

Villagers themselves are torn between the desire for protection and fear that these local guards might aggravate the danger. Many in Wardak are waiting to see whether the presence of 3,200 troops from the U.S. Army's 10th Mountain Division, who this month are deploying there and to nearby Lowgar province [emphasis added], will force the insurgents to pull back...

Mark
Ottawa
 
ARTICLES FOUND JAN. 23

MarkOttawa said:
NATO: Aid needed for Afghan war
AP, Jan. 22
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/22/AR2009012200579.html

Another article on the same subject :

NATO general approves of Afghanistan troop surge

NATO's top commander in Southern Afghanistan believes the U.S. president's intention
to send an additional 30,000 American troops into the war-torn country will be a "very
effective" strategic move.

Maj. Gen. Mart de Kruif says the troop surge ordered by U.S. President Barack Obama
will help improve the level of security that NATO troops can offer the Afghan people.
"What we need here in Afghanistan is more boots on the ground to deliver more 24-7
security to the people," he told CTV's Canada AM on Friday.

"I don't think it will spur more Taliban attacks but it will definitely lead to an increase
in incidents because we will go into regions and bring security where we've never been
before until now," de Kruif said. "And that will possibly lead to a spike of incidents within
RC (Regional Command) South."

De Kruif, 50, said Obama's apparent push to have his administration use more diplomacy
in its foreign policy efforts has not yet affected NATO's approach to its work in Afghanistan.
"We are operating here more on the tactical level, so until now, I haven't got any new orders,"
he said. But he conceded that the Obama administration's appointment of former United Nations
ambassador Richard Holbrooke as a special envoy to Pakistan and Afghanistan was a commendable
move. "I think that one of the solutions of this conflict is, of course, a regional approach in which
we try to increase the situation in the whole region," de Kruif said. "From that point of view, the
appointment of Mr. Holbrooke is a good sign and a step forward from my point of view."'

As of mid-January, NATO has some 55,100 troops stationed throughout five regional command areas
in Afghanistan. Canada has 2,700 troops stationed in Kandahar province and Kabul.
 
Russia says it is ready to co-operate on Afghanistan, The Associated Press

MOSCOW -- Russian President Dmitry Medvedev says Moscow is ready to help
stabilize the situation in Afghanistan. Russia says it is willing to allow the United
States and others to cross Russian territory with cargo intended for coalition forces
in the war-wracked nation.

Medvedev said that Russia also is prepared to help international efforts to combat
drug-trafficking and terrorism in Afghanistan. During his visit to Afghanistan's
neighbour Uzbekistan, Medvedev voiced hope that Barack Obama's administration
will do better than its predecessors in stabilizing Afghanistan.

Medvedev's comments appear to reflect the Kremlin's wish to mend ties with
Washington, which deteriorated under the administration of George W. Bush.

U.S. State Department spokesman Robert Wood says he welcomes Medvedev's
comments.
 
Marines force of 20,000 seen for Afghanistan
Reuters, Jan. 23
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/23/AR2009012302430.html

Up to 20,000 U.S. Marines could be deployed in Afghanistan as part of a planned major troop build-up to battle worsening insurgent violence, the top U.S. Marine officer said on Friday.

Marine Corps Commandant Gen. James Conway said any buildup of Marines in Afghanistan would have to be accompanied by an equivalent cut in the 22,000-strong Marine force in Iraq to maintain the corps' schedule of seven-month deployments.

U.S. military planners have proposed injecting up to 30,000 U.S. troops into Afghanistan over the next 12 to 18 months to combat an intensifying insurgency from Taliban militants and other fighters.

The United States now has 34,000 troops in the country, including 2,200 Marines.

But Conway told reporters that sending too many Marines to Afghanistan could jeopardize the corps' ability to resume training in vital areas, including amphibious landings, after a hiatus of several years.

"We hope that the number is 20,000 or less," he said...

Marines would likely be deployed to southern Afghanistan [emphasis added] where NATO commanders say there are not enough troops to combat growing Taliban influence in the countryside.

Conway said the expected Marine deployment to Afghanistan would include at least one squadron of tilt-rotor MV22 Osprey aircraft, the half-airplane half-helicopter made by Textron Inc. and Boeing Co..

"It's made for a place like Afghanistan," he said, adding that the Marines and U.S. special forces were installing a belly gun to the Osprey to make it more effective against insurgents in Afghanistan.

He said the Marines are also working to modify the blast-resistant vehicles designed to protect troops from roadside bombs.

The marine-resistant ambush-protected trucks, or MRAPs, have not performed well off-road and Conway said the Marines would test a new version in the barren Afghan landscape that uses independent suspension instead of a heavy axle.

"The initial tests have been somewhat encouraging," Conway said. "We're looking at how rapidly we can prove the product before doing a massive overhaul of vehicles we've got and get them to Afghanistan.".. 

Mark
Ottawa
 
ARTICLE OF JAN. 22

Same subject as :
MarkOttawa said:
NATO: Aid needed for Afghan war
AP, Jan. 22
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/22/AR2009012200579.html

NATO: 'Civilian surge' needed for Afghan war, AP
Obama urged to add more experts in reconstruction, development

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan - President Barack Obama's plan to nearly double U.S. troop numbers
in Afghanistan should be matched by a similar surge in development workers and aid funding,
NATO's top official said Thursday.

The statement came as Obama announced that Richard Holbrooke, a former ambassador to
the United Nations, would be a special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan.
...
The U.S. has some 33,000 troops in Afghanistan battling a resurgent Taliban, but Obama is
expected to send up to 30,000 more this year as his administration shifts its focus from the
war in Iraq to Afghanistan.
...
 
ARTICLE OF JAN. 20

US reaches deal on Afghan supply routes to troops, The Associated Press

SLAMABAD, Pakistan -- Russia and neighboring Central Asian nations have agreed
to let supplies pass through their territory to American soldiers in Afghanistan,
lessening Washington's dependence on dangerous routes through Pakistan, a top
U.S. commander said Tuesday.

Securing alternative routes to landlocked Afghanistan has taken on added urgency
this year as the United States prepares to double troop numbers there to 60,000
to battle a resurgent Taliban eight years after the U.S.-led invasion.

Meanwhile, the Pakistani army said it had killed 60 militants in a stepped up offensive
close to the Afghan border, a lawless region considered a likely hiding place for
Osama bin Laden and other al-Qaida leaders. Washington has long urged Islamabad
to take the fight to the insurgents sheltering there.

U.S. and NATO forces get up to 75 percent of their "non-lethal" supplies such as food,
fuel and building materials from shipments that traverse Pakistan, a volatile, nuclear-
armed country. The main road through the Khyber Pass in the northwest of the country
has occasionally been closed in recent months due to rising attacks by bandits and
Islamist militants.

U.S. Central Command chief Gen. David Petraeus said America had struck deals with
Russia and several Central Asian states close to or bordering Afghanistan during a tour
of the region in the past week. "We have sought additional logistical routes into
Afghanistan from the north. There have been agreements reached," Petraeus, who
oversees the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, told reporters during a visit to Pakistan.
"It is very important as we increase the effort in Afghanistan that we have multiple
routes that go into the country."

Petraeus gave few details, but NATO and U.S. officials have said recently they were
close to securing transit agreements with Russia and the patchwork of Central Asia
states to the north of Afghanistan.

Analysts say the United States' dependence on Pakistani supply routes means it has
little leverage to push Islamabad too hard on issues of bilateral concern, such as the
campaign against al-Qaida.

U.S. officials have said one likely new route is overland from Russia through Kazakhstan
and on through Uzbekistan using trucks and trains. Another possible route is through
Azerbaijan across the Caspian Sea to the Kazakh port of Aktau and then through Uzbekistan.

Few analysts expect Washington to abandon the Pakistan routes altogether _ unless they
become impossible to traverse due to security concerns _ because they are the shortest
and cheapest lines. The goods arrive in Pakistan in the southern port of Karachi.

Petraeus met with Pakistan's army chief, prime minister and president on the trip, the latest
in a flurry of visits by high-ranking U.S. officials in recent months.

Washington and other Western allies are trying to keep Pakistan focused on the al-Qaida
threat as well as defuse tensions with neighboring India over the November terror attacks
in Mumbai.
...
 
ARTICLE OF JAN. 22

Indian-built Afghan road opened, BBC News

Afghan President Hamid Karzai and Indian Foreign Minister Pranab Mukherjee
have opened a new Indian-built road in western Afghanistan.

The 200km (124-mile) highway, costing about $85m, links Zaranj on the Iranian
border with the main road between the cities of Herat, Kandahar and Kabul.
On the Iranian side, it links with a route to the coast. It also allows India to
export goods by sea to Iran and transport them to the growing Afghan market.

India cannot export through Pakistan to Afghanistan because of tensions between
the South Asian neighbours. Delhi is heavily involved in aid and reconstruction work
in Afghanistan and the new road underlines the growing economic and political ties
between the two countries.

Indians are also building Afghanistan's new parliament and upgrading its electricity
transmission network.


ARTICLE OF JAN. 23

Karzai hails Guantanamo closured, BBC News

Afghan President Hamid Karzai has welcomed the decision by new US President
Barack Obama to close the Guantanamo Bay prison. He said it was a good decision
that would help build international support for the fight against terrorism.

President Karzai has repeatedly called for all detained Afghan citizens to be
released so that their cases can be dealt with at home.

Many prisoners in Guantanamo were captured in Afghanistan in 2001. They
were detained during the US-led war that drove the Taleban from power.
...

ARTICLE OF JAN. 25

Karzai anger at US strike deaths, BBC News

Afghan President Hamid Karzai has criticised a US military operation
which killed at least 16 people in eastern Afghanistan.

_45409026_afghanistan_mehtar_lam_0109.gif

"The people who were killed today were running around,
manoeuvring against our forces, and we killed them"

Col Greg Julian, US military spokesman


Mr Karzai said most of those killed were civilians, adding that such
deadly incidents strengthened Taleban rebels and weakened
Afghanistan's government. Women and children were among
those killed, Mr Karzai said.

The strike was the first controversy in Afghanistan involving US
troops since US President Barack Obama took office.

In a statement, the president said two women and three children
were among the dead in the attack, which the US said targeted a
militant carrying a rocket-propelled grenade (RPG).

Speaking at a ceremony for newly-graduated officers entering Afghanistan's
armed forces, Mr Karzai said he hoped the country's own military would
soon be able to shoulder more of the burden of fighting the Taleban.
"Our goal is to improve our army and have the ability to defend our country
ourselves as soon as possible, and not have civilian casualties anymore as
we again had yesterday," he said.
...
 
Kandahar's new governor forges quiet victory
Voter registration begins. Canadians should focus on reconstruction work by their government, Wesa says

Canwest News, Jan. 25
http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/news/1215712/story.html

As millions around the world watched a new president take office in the United States this week, Tooryalai Wesa celebrated a quiet political victory of his own at his new home in the high-ceiling splendour of the Governor's Palace.

Jan. 20 marked Wesa's one-month anniversary as governor of Kandahar province, once the idyllic backdrop of his youth, now home to about 90 per cent of the world's opium production and the birthplace of the Taliban movement.

Even as Barack Obama pledged to forge a "hard-earned peace" in the country, Taliban rockets and bullets were flying within blocks of the gates of the palace in the heart of Kandahar City, killing a woman in her apartment.

Earlier in the day, a suicide bomber on a bicycle killed two policemen on the city's outskirts, sending hundreds of frightened residents and businessmen scurrying for safety through the streets.

Wesa, 58, shrugged off the proximity of the attack to his headquarters as "not significant." "They (the Taliban) just wanted to show the world 'We are still here,'" he said of the timing.

Not only was Tuesday the inauguration of Barack Obama, it was also the first day of a voter registration campaign across Afghanistan's volatile south. It's a process the Taliban - which remain deeply entrenched in the province despite the presence of thousands of NATO soldiers, including 2,700 Canadians - has violently opposed.

Inadequate security has been blamed for preventing registration centres from opening in several of the most dangerous regions, including Kandahar's northeast Ghorak district, which election officials said was "out of government control." In Kandahar City, however, Wesa himself was among the first to sign up, confidently leading a small group of reporters and security officers to a local school where his mug shot and name were affixed to a small voter's card indicating his willingness to participate in this year's coming national election.

Wesa, who described himself as "optimistic by nature," insists positive things are happening here. As governor, he has attended groundbreaking ceremonies for two of 50 new schools promised to the region by the Canadian government.

This month, he flew north of Kandahar City with Canada's minister of international co-operation, Bev Oda, to announce the start of a $50-million irrigation project.

This - the reconstruction work - is what Canadians should be paying attention to, not just the number of casualties, he said.

Radio Spreads Taliban’s Terror in Pakistani Region
NY Times, Jan. 24
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/world/asia/25swat.html?ref=todayspaper

PESHAWAR, Pakistan — Every night around 8 o’clock, the terrified residents of Swat, a lush and picturesque valley a hundred miles from three of Pakistan’s most important cities, crowd around their radios. They know that failure to listen and learn might lead to a lashing — or a beheading.

Using a portable radio transmitter, a local Taliban leader, Shah Doran, on most nights outlines newly proscribed “un-Islamic” activities in Swat, like selling DVDs, watching cable television, singing and dancing, criticizing the Taliban, shaving beards and allowing girls to attend school. He also reveals names of people the Taliban have recently killed for violating their decrees — and those they plan to kill.

“They control everything through the radio,” said one Swat resident, who declined to give his name for fear the Taliban might kill him. “Everyone waits for the broadcast.”

International attention remains fixed on the Taliban’s hold on Pakistan’s semiautonomous tribal areas, from where they launch attacks on American forces in Afghanistan. But for Pakistan, the loss of the Swat Valley could prove just as devastating.

Unlike the fringe tribal areas, Swat, a Delaware-size chunk of territory with 1.3 million residents and a rich cultural history, is part of Pakistan proper, within reach of Peshawar, Rawalpindi and Islamabad, the capital.

After more than a year of fighting, virtually all of it is now under Taliban control, marking the militants’ farthest advance eastward into Pakistan’s so-called settled areas, residents and government officials from the region say.

With the increasing consolidation of their power, the Taliban have taken a sizable bite out of the nation. And they are enforcing a strict interpretation of Islam with cruelty, bringing public beheadings, assassinations, social and cultural repression and persecution of women to what was once an independent, relatively secular region, dotted with ski resorts and fruit orchards and known for its dancing girls.

Last year, 70 police officers were beheaded, shot or otherwise slain in Swat, and 150 wounded, said Malik Naveed Khan, the police inspector general for the North-West Frontier Province...

In the view of analysts, the growing nightmare in Swat is a capsule of the country’s problems: an ineffectual and unresponsive civilian government, coupled with military and security forces that, in the view of furious residents, have willingly allowed the militants to spread terror deep into Pakistan.

The crisis has become a critical test for the government of the civilian president, Asif Ali Zardari, and for a security apparatus whose loyalties, many Pakistanis say, remain in question.

Seeking to deflect blame, Mr. Zardari’s government recently criticized “earlier halfhearted attempts at rooting out extremists from the area” and vowed to fight militants “who are ruthlessly murdering and maiming our citizens.”

But as pressure grows, he has also said in recent days that the government would be willing to talk with militants who accept its authority. Such negotiations would carry serious risks: security officials say a brief peace deal in Swat last spring was a spectacular failure that allowed militants to tighten their hold and take revenge on people who had supported the military.

Without more forceful and concerted action by the government, some warn, the Taliban threat in Pakistan is bound to spread...

From 2,000 to 4,000 Taliban fighters now roam the Swat Valley, according to interviews with a half-dozen senior Pakistani government, military and political officials involved in the fight. By contrast, the Pakistani military has four brigades with 12,000 to 15,000 men in Swat, officials say.

But the soldiers largely stay inside their camps, unwilling to patrol or exert any large presence that might provoke — or discourage — the militants, Swat residents and political leaders say. The military also has not raided a small village that locals say is widely known as the Taliban’s headquarters in Swat...

Mark
Ottawa
 
Articles found January 26, 2009

Taliban turning to more 'complex' attacks
Analysis shows insurgents are increasingly confronting NATO troops in open warfare, rather than relying on bombings, suicide strikes
GRAEME SMITH From Monday's Globe and Mail January 26, 2009 at 2:23 AM EST
Article Link

Taliban fighters are increasingly hitting their targets directly instead of relying on bombs, according to a year-end statistical review that contradicts a key NATO message about the war in Afghanistan.

Public statements from Canadian and other foreign troops have repeatedly emphasized the idea that the insurgents are losing momentum because they can only detonate explosives, failing to confront their opponents in combat.

But an analysis of almost 13,000 violent incidents in Afghanistan in 2007 and 2008, prepared by security consultant Sami Kovanen and provided to The Globe and Mail, shows a clear trend toward open warfare.

By far the most common type of incident, in Mr. Kovanen's analysis, is the so-called “complex attack,” meaning ambushes or other kinds of battle using more than one type of weapon. The analyst counted 2,555 such attacks in 2008, up 117 per cent from the previous year.
More on link

Pakistan cycle bomb 'kills five' 
  Article Link

At least five people have been killed and many more wounded in a bomb blast in north-west Pakistan, police say.

The bomb, attached to a bicycle, went off on a busy main road in the town of Dera Ismail Khan, close to tribal areas where Islamic militants are in control.

The bomb's target is not clear. Some reports said it went off minutes after a provincial lawmaker had passed by.

Dera Ismail Khan has in the past seen sectarian violence between majority Sunni Muslims and minority Shias.

Wounded

Police say more than 20 people were hurt in Monday's attack.
More on link

Taliban kill Pakistan 'spy': security official
6 hours ago
Article Link

MIRANSHAH, Pakistan (AFP) — Taliban militants shot dead a man and severed one of his hands in Pakistan's lawless northwest tribal region, accusing him of spying for the United States, an official said Monday.

The body of local tribesman Mohammad Hussain was found dumped in the mountains in the Datta Khel area of North Waziristan, a notorious hub of Taliban and Al-Qaeda militants.

"Hussain, who was kidnapped a week ago, had multiple bullet wounds in head and one of his hands was chopped off," a security official told AFP.

A note found on Hussain's body said he was "spying for the US," the official said.

Almost every week, militants kidnap and kill tribesmen, accusing them of spying for the Pakistani government or US forces operating across the border in Afghanistan, where Taliban fighters are leading an insurgency.
More on link

Karzai anger at US strike deaths  
  Article Link

Karzai has regularly criticised the levels of civilian deaths in Afghanistan
Afghan President Hamid Karzai has criticised a US military operation which killed at least 16 people in eastern Afghanistan.

Mr Karzai said most of those killed were civilians, adding that such deadly incidents strengthened Taleban rebels and weakened Afghanistan's government.

Women and children were among those killed, Mr Karzai said.

The strike was the first controversy in Afghanistan involving US troops since US President Barack Obama took office.

In a statement, the president said two women and three children were among the dead in the attack, which the US said targeted a militant carrying a rocket-propelled grenade (RPG).

Speaking at a ceremony for newly-graduated officers entering Afghanistan's armed forces, Mr Karzai said he hoped the country's own military would soon be able to shoulder more of the burden of fighting the Taleban.
More on link
 
Afghan roadside bombs hit record in 2008
USA Today, Jan. 26
http://www.usatoday.com/news/military/2009-01-25-Roadsidebomb_N.htm

Roadside bomb attacks against coalition forces in Afghanistan hit an all-time high last year, killing more troops than ever and highlighting an "emboldened" insurgency there, according to figures released by the Pentagon.

Last year, 3,276 improvised explosive devices (IEDs) detonated or were detected before blowing up in Afghanistan, a 45% increase compared with 2007. The number of troops in the U.S.-led coalition killed by bombs more than doubled in 2008 from 75 to 161. The Pentagon data did not break down the casualties by nationality.

Roadside bombs in Afghanistan wounded an additional 722 coalition troops last year, setting another record.

In Afghanistan, "an emboldened, increasingly aggressive enemy has increased the use of IEDs," Irene Smith, a spokeswoman for the Joint IED Defeat Organization, the Pentagon's lead agency for combating roadside bombs, said in an e-mail.

"The trajectory of trends in 2008 has been in the wrong direction," Michael O'Hanlon, a military analyst at the Brookings Institution, said Sunday of the IED records. "We're losing the war. This shows a greater capacity on the part of the Taliban and other insurgents to cause more death, destruction and challenges to the legitimacy of the Afghan government."..

...the Pentagon plans to rush as many as 10,000 new armored vehicles to Afghanistan to counter roadside bombs. Commanders there have issued an urgent request for a lighter, more maneuverable version of the Mine Resistant Ambush Protected vehicle [emphasis added], known as MRAPs. Few paved roads and rugged mountain terrain prevent the use of MRAPs in parts of Afghanistan.

Devices useful in Iraq to counter roadside bombs may have to be "ruggedized" to work in parts of Afghanistan, Navy Capt. Vincent Martinez, deputy commander of Task Force Paladin, said in an interview at Bagram Air Base last month. The task force combats IEDs in Afghanistan....


Biden expects more U.S. casualties in Afghanistan
"We've inherited a real mess," Biden said in an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation."
Saying that the Obama administration has inherited a 'real mess,' the vice president predicts 'an uptick' in casualties as more troops are deployed in Afghanistan in a stepped-up campaign.

LA Times, Jan. 26
http://www.latimes.com/news/la-fg-biden-afghan26-2009jan26,0,4701237.story?track=ntothtml

...
One of President Obama's first major foreign policy challenges is to confront an increasingly aggressive Taliban by trimming U.S. forces in Iraq and bolstering the troop commitment in Afghanistan.

But the complexity and potential cost of the new strategy were underscored Sunday by an outcry from Afghanistan over a U.S. operation that the United States said killed 15 militants but Afghan officials said had claimed the lives of 16 civilians, including two women and three children.

In Kabul, President Hamid Karzai condemned the strike, saying that repeated American military operations in which civilians are killed are "strengthening the terrorists."

Beyond the latest incident, the situation in Afghanistan reflects an earlier decision by the Bush administration and its allies to limit military involvement there -- an approach that has opened the way for a resurgent Taliban that now rules unchallenged in much of the countryside and stages effective hit-and-run attacks even on the urban areas where U.S. and other forces are concentrated.

And the Taliban's continued ability to operate from bases and staging areas across the border in northern Pakistan, with relatively little opposition from a weakened Pakistani government, adds to the problem for U.S. strategists.

Obama has pledged to deploy additional troops in Afghanistan in an Iraq-like "surge" designed to impose security in cities and towns that have essentially gone lawless. The increase -- at least 20,000 this year -- will significantly bolster the existing force of 32,000. But it will be far smaller than the roughly 140,000 serving in Iraq and only a fraction of what experts say would be needed to dominate the region...

One of President Obama's first major foreign policy challenges is to confront an increasingly aggressive Taliban by trimming U.S. forces in Iraq and bolstering the troop commitment in Afghanistan.

But the complexity and potential cost of the new strategy were underscored Sunday by an outcry from Afghanistan over a U.S. operation that the United States said killed 15 militants but Afghan officials said had claimed the lives of 16 civilians, including two women and three children.

In Kabul, President Hamid Karzai condemned the strike, saying that repeated American military operations in which civilians are killed are "strengthening the terrorists."

Beyond the latest incident, the situation in Afghanistan reflects an earlier decision by the Bush administration and its allies to limit military involvement there -- an approach that has opened the way for a resurgent Taliban that now rules unchallenged in much of the countryside and stages effective hit-and-run attacks even on the urban areas where U.S. and other forces are concentrated.

And the Taliban's continued ability to operate from bases and staging areas across the border in northern Pakistan, with relatively little opposition from a weakened Pakistani government, adds to the problem for U.S. strategists.

Obama has pledged to deploy additional troops in Afghanistan in an Iraq-like "surge" designed to impose security in cities and towns that have essentially gone lawless. The increase -- at least 20,000 this year -- will significantly bolster the existing force of 32,000. But it will be far smaller than the roughly 140,000 serving in Iraq and only a fraction of what experts say would be needed to dominate the region...

There have been more than 600 U.S. troop fatalities since 2001 [emphasis added], according to the independent website icasualties.org. That is far fewer than the thousands who have died in Iraq, but the numbers have already started to grow -- with 155 deaths in 2008 and already 11 deaths in the first days of this year.

"The American people will get very impatient unless the goal is absolutely clear," said Barton, who was an advisor to Obama's transition team on foreign aid issues.

Barton said that the added troops might initially produce greater casualties, but that by moving more aggressively into local communities they could head off efforts by the Taliban to gain greater control -- thereby ultimately reducing casualties [emphasis added] among U.S. forces and their allies...

Mark
Ottawa
 
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