V
visitor
Guest
There are cases of people who have grown up with years of sexual abuse, malnutrition, drug abuse by parents, domestic violence, who have lived in many foster families or who have had extreme degrees of emotional abuse and still have managed to grow up as functional adults. Their experiences go far beyond simple "spanking". Researchers defined "abuse" to control for your concerns. And they are not exactly "model citizens". They have just been able to cope better than others.