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The Sandbox and Areas Reports Thread February 2009

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The Sandbox and Areas Reports Thread February 2009              

News only - commentary elsewhere, please.
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Articles found February 1, 2009

New Afghan Security Unit to Police Dangerous Areas 
By VOA News 01 February 2009
Article Link

Afghanistan's interior minister says plans are underway to form a U.S.-funded community program that will provide security in areas threatened by Taliban fighters.

Mohammad Hanif Atmar says the paramilitary-style force will use the same weapons as Afghan police, and will be assigned to protect schools, highways and other government institutions.  He refused to say where the unit will operate, citing security concerns.

Atmar also says the security force will be under the command of the Interior Ministry, noting it is not a regional militia.  He says the U.S. military in Afghanistan is supportive of the program.

In other news, International aid group, Oxfam, says the United States must shift its policy in Afghanistan to avert a humanitarian crisis in the country.
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Further drops likely in Afghan opium production: survey
2 hours ago
Article Link

KABUL (AFP) — Opium production in Afghanistan is expected to decline again this year, largely because of falling prices in a saturated market and a drought, according to a UN and Afghan government survey released Sunday.

But the lucrative crop, of which Afghanistan is the source of more than 90 percent of the world's supply, could bounce back if deteriorating security is not checked, the Opium Winter Assessment warned.

The impoverished country's massive trade in the drug, much of which is turned into heroin inside its borders, puts millions of dollars into the coffers of extremist insurgents and feeds rampant government corruption.

Wiping out the crop has been a key component of international efforts to stabilise and build Afghanistan -- called a "narco state" by US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton -- after the removal of the Taliban regime in late 2001.

"Overall, the cultivation of opium in Afghanistan is likely to decrease in 2009," said the report, citing surveys of 484 villages across the country over December and January.
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Iran police kill 10 drugs smugglers in east-report
Sat Jan 31, 2009 2:18pm GMT
Article Link

TEHRAN, Jan 31 (Reuters) - Police have killed 10 drugs smugglers in clashes in eastern Iran and seized more than 1,000 kgs of narcotics in the past three days, the official IRNA news agency reported on Saturday.

It quoted the head of police in Khorasan Razavi province, which borders Afghanistan, Hamid Fahimirad, as saying the clashes happened around the town of Taybad.

Iran's eastern border with Afghanistan and Pakistan is a busy smuggling route for drugs and other contraband. Security forces often clash with smugglers in the area
end

Suicide bomber hits foreign forces in Kabul
Sun Feb 1, 2009 6:25pm IST
Article Link

KABUL (Reuters) - A Taliban suicide car bomber hit a convoy of foreign troops on the outskirts of the Afghan capital on Sunday, wounding two Afghan civilians and slightly injuring a French soldier, officials said.

The attack took place on Kabul's western edge near a bridge where Italian troops and a Turkish diplomatic convoy have been attacked by Taliban insurgents in the past 18 months.

Two Afghan civilians were wounded, the Interior Ministry said, while a spokesman for NATO-led forces said a French soldier received minor injuries in the blast.

The Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack
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Afghanistan to found auxiliary police 
www.chinaview.cn  2009-01-31 20:38:00 
  Article Link

    KABUL, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- Afghan Interior Ministry, in efforts to further stabilize security and ensure law and order in the war-torn country, has decided to form auxiliary police soon, Minister for Interior Mohammad Hanif Atmar said Saturday.

    Describing it as "Public Protection Police", he said "the new police force after formation would provide security for highways, schools, health clinics and public institutions."

    Nevertheless, the minister did not specify the strength of the proposed force, but added that preliminary work for its formation had already begun and its strength could be up to 20,000 depending on situation.

    The minister made this announcement amid increase in the rate of militancy, robbery and criminal activities in parts of the country mostly in the militancy-plagued southern region.

    In addition to increasing Taliban-linked insurgency, the war-weary Afghans have been suffering from robbery, kidnapping for ransom and other types of criminal activities.
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Afghan vote delayed over harsh winter, not violence
Updated Fri. Jan. 30 2009 8:06 AM ET CTV.ca News Staff
Article Link

It wasn't security concerns that prompted Afghan officials to delay upcoming presidential elections, but rather the harsh winter that has rendered many parts of the country inaccessible, says the governor of Kandahar province.

Speaking to Canada AM from Ottawa, Gov. Tooryalai Wesa dismissed reports that ongoing Taliban violence prompted the delay.

The election -- only the second time Afghans will participate in a democratic process to choose their president -- has been moved from late April to Aug. 20.

"The reason for postponing the election is not the insurgency, the security situation. It is because of the severe winter we're having here in Afghanistan. Some of the places are very difficult to reach here in the country because of snow and heavy rain," the governor told CTV's Canada AM
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New air wing offers troops safer passage
Edmonton-based chopper squadron gets soldiers off dangerous roads, increases surveillance

Edmonton Journal, Feb. 1
http://www.edmontonjournal.com/news/wing+offers+troops+safer+passage/1241336/story.html

About a month ago, one of Canada's forward operating bases in Afghanistan badly needed an engineer to work on some damaged equipment.

It was a quick job, but to get an engineer there and back would have meant a four-day round trip over difficult terrain with the ever-present threat of roadside bombs and enemy ambushes. Enter the Griffon helicopter, which ferried the engineer there and back.

"We managed to get them there one afternoon and pick them up the next morning," said Col. Christopher Coates, the commander of Canada's new air wing in Afghanistan. "And we did it with significantly less risk than driving on the roads." Canadian aircraft -- helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles -- have been flying for more than a month now over Afghanistan and military leaders say they are keeping Canadians troops safe by getting them off dangerous roads and conducting important surveillance and reconnaissance.

The new wing is made up mainly from the Edmonton-based 408 tactical helicopter squadron.

Improving air support in Afghanistan was a key recommendation of last year's report to Parliament by former MP John Manley.

The report set Feb. 1 as the deadline to have more choppers in the air.

"No equipment can perfectly protect Canadian soldiers against improvised explosive devices. But helicopters can save lives by reducing reliance on transporting troops by road, and aerial surveillance can more effectively track insurgent movements," the report said.

In response, Canada bought six CH-147 Chinook helicopters from the United States for roughly $300 million and brought in eight Griffon helicopters from Canada.

Canadian soldiers had to scrub the American flags off the Chinooks and replace them with Canadian markings once they were handed over.

Canada also purchased up to four Heron unmanned aerial drones, which conduct surveillance and intelligence gathering. The arrival of the helicopters was welcome news for NATO troops here.

Canada hasn't owned Chinooks since the early 1990s, when the Mulroney government sold them to the Dutch, who are still using the same helicopters in Afghanistan. Chinooks are medium-lift helicopters, big workhorses that can carry up to 12,270 kilograms of cargo or 33 troops and their equipment.

"Even in our training, we've been slinging loads onboard, we've been slinging loads into various locations," Col. Coates said, adding that they moved 200 people last week alone. "And that's just a start." Eventually, Canada will get 16 new Chinooks. Although the announcement was made two years ago, delays have meant they likely won't be operational until 2012 or 2013.

The Griffons are smaller helicopters whose primary role will be to escort the Chinook, which is a much larger target for ground fire. They can also conduct armed reconnaissance and surveillance when needed.

On a training mission Friday, a pair of Griffons escorted a Chinook into the Registan Desert south of Kandahar city. The Griffons rose quickly into the air, flying over the barbed wire fence that marks the edge of the Kandahar Airfield.

"The aircraft is outside the wire," co-pilot Capt. Michael Girard said into his headset.

The Griffons flew parallel to each other, low to the ground over the khaki-coloured earth and mud-walled villages. The massive Chinook flew ahead between its escorts, looking like a school bus with rotors.

Sitting on the edge of the aircraft, the side gunners kept close watch on the grape-drying huts, which could make good cover for someone trying to take shots at the aircraft. The villagers below waved at the gunners, who returned the gesture. At least two people vainly hurled rocks at the helicopter as it sped past.

The pilots call the desert landings "dustball landings," for the cloud of sand they throw into the air. Back home in Edmonton, they do "snowball landings." Though the resurgent Taliban control large swaths of ground in southern Afghanistan, NATO troops rule the air. The main danger is from somebody on the ground firing an assault rifle. Just two weeks ago, an American soldier died in Northeast Afghanistan after a Chinook was forced to make an emergency landing near the Pakistan border. Villagers told Reuters news service that the helicopter was billowing smoke and looked like it was hit by ground fire...

Weight of Combat Gear Is Taking Toll
The Loads Are Contributing to Injuries That Are Keeping Some Troops on the Sidelines

Washington Post, Feb. 1
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/31/AR2009013101717.html

Carrying heavy combat loads is taking a quiet but serious toll on troops deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan, contributing to injuries that are sidelining them in growing numbers, according to senior military and defense officials.

Rising concern over the muscle and bone injuries -- as well as the hindrance caused by the cumbersome gear as troops maneuver in Afghanistan's mountains -- prompted Army and Marine Corps leaders and commanders to launch initiatives last month that will introduce lighter equipment for some U.S. troops.

As the military prepares to significantly increase the number of troops in Afghanistan -- including sending as many as 20,000 more Marines -- fielding a new, lighter vest and helmet is a top priority, Marine Corps Commandant Gen. James Conway said recently. "We are going to have to lighten our load," he said, after inspecting possible designs during a visit to the Quantico Marine base.

Army leaders and experts say the injuries -- linked to the stress of bearing heavy loads during repeated 12- or 15-month combat tours -- have increased the number of soldiers categorized as "non-deployable." Army personnel reported 257,000 acute orthopedic injuries in 2007, up from 247,000 the previous year...

Mark
Ottawa
 
ARTICLES FOUND FEB. 2

Pakistani forces regain control of region in Swat
The Long War Journal, Feb. 1, by Bill Roggio
http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2009/02/pakistani_forces_reg.php

The Pakistani military retook control of a Taliban-controlled district of Swat six days after launching the latest operation designed to free the region from extremist control.

Heavy fighting was reported in the Charbagh area and other regions as Pakistani forces launched air and artillery attacks against suspected Taliban strongholds. Forty-five civilians, 16 Taliban fighters, and four security personnel were killed over the past day during fighting throughout the district.

In Charbagh, "20 bodies of unidentified people are lying in crop fields," Geo News reported. Pakistani forces were issued orders to "shoot to kill" anyone violating the curfew imposed in Swat last week. Also, two paramedics were killed and another was wounded when they attempted to recover the bodies of those killed in the Charbagh fighting.

Nine civilians were killed after artillery shells landed on their homes during the fighting. Ten more bodies, including the body of a police constable, were found in other regions. Three soldiers were also killed in an ambush.

The military has relied on artillery and airstrikes to drive Taliban forces from their safe havens. Pakistani troops have taken heavy casualties when confronting Taliban fighters on the ground during past engagements in the tribal agencies and the settled districts of the Northwest Frontier Province. The military tactics and Taliban terror campaign have forced more than 200,000 civilians to flee Swat. Hundreds of thousands fled the nearby tribal agency of Bajaur during a similar operation late last year.

The lack of concurrent military operations in the neighboring districts under Taliban control or influence has allowed Taliban fighters under the command of radical cleric Mullah Fazlullah to vacate Swat during previous operations. The Taliban forces returned and consolidated their control of the district...

Mark
Ottawa
 
Not sure if this is the right place.

Bridge bombed on supply route for Afghan mission
Last Updated: Tuesday, February 3, 2009 | 9:19 AM ET CBC News



pak-bridge-cp-w6191261.jpg

The bombing of a 10-metre iron bridge about 25 kilometres northwest of Peshawar early Tuesday was the latest in a series on the Khyber Pass by insurgents seeking to hamper the U.S.-led mission against the Taliban. (Mohammad Sajjad/Associated Press)

A major supply link for NATO forces in Afghanistan has been temporarily severed after militants bombed a bridge in northwest Pakistan, government officials said Tuesday.

Militants bombed the 10-metre iron bridge in the Khyber Pass, about 25 kilometres northwest of the city of Peshawar, early Tuesday, said Hidayat Ullah. An estimated 75 per cent of supplies for international forces in Afghanistan — including U.S. and Canadian soldiers — travel through the Khyber Pass.

"Militants blew up the bridge and it's going to take some time to fix it," another government official, Rahat Gul, told Reuters.

He could not say how long access to the bridge would be cut off.

A NATO spokesperson said shipments through the route will be halted "for the time being," but international forces in Afghanistan were in no danger of running out of food or other supplies.

Army looks for other routes
The latest attack continues a militant strategy to squeeze supply lines for Western forces in Afghanistan. The U.S. army has had to look for alternate routes in response to militant pummelling of the road between Peshawar and Pakistan. The route had previously closed twice, albeit briefly, since September.

It was not immediately clear whether supply convoys could bypass the destroyed bridge and still reach Afghanistan.

Meanwhile, Pakistani security forces, using artillery and helicopter gunships, killed at least 35 Islamist militants overnight in Swat Valley, an area in the northwest known to be overrun by insurgents, Pakistan's military said in a statement.

There is no way of being able to independently verify the casualties, as the Swat region is now considered too dangerous for reporters to visit.

Swat was once a popular tourist destination, but in the past couple of years has become a haven for militants. The state responded with force, but residents say militants increasingly hold sway.

With files from the Associated Press
 
Canadian troops could soon target Afghan drug trade: top soldier
Last Updated: Tuesday, February 3, 2009 | 10:05 AM ET CBC News


Canadian soldiers participating in the NATO-led mission in Afghanistan could soon be ordered to hunt down drug lords and attack the country's poppy trade, which is inextricably linked to the Taliban insurgency, Canada's top general says.

So far, Canadian soldiers have not been involved in anti-drug operations in Afghanistan, but that could change, said Walter Natynczyk, Canada's chief of defence staff.

"We haven't yet," Natynczyk told CBC News. "We're still waiting for NATO to come out with their guidance."

As the CBC first reported Saturday, NATO nations are embroiled in a tense debate over whether attacking drug lords is a war crime.

An initial order to go after the drug trade issued by NATO's military commander was rejected by officers on the ground in Afghanistan because the NATO order failed to distinguish between drug traffickers and those who directly support the Taliban, the CBC's James Cudmore reported.

But Natynczyk said the ties between the drug trade and the insurgency are too strong to dismiss any longer, as profits or product often end up directly in the hands of fighters.

"Most times that we have operations, our soldiers, sailors and airmen have found drugs right there with Taliban," he said. "So the nexus between drugs and terror is very, very strong."

Canada is waiting for NATO's top commander to issue an order authorizing the attacks, Natynczyk said.

"It's a legal question, absolutely," he said.

International law forbids nations from using military force against civilian targets, even if they're criminals. But drug traffickers with links to the insurgency could be a legitimate target.

The order is being reviewed after some European countries claimed the NATO order went too far, saying it could expose troops to allegations of war crimes.

Once NATO has made up its mind, the Canadian government will review the order, before deciding whether Canadian soldiers should follow it, Natynczyk said.

With files from James Cudmore
 
Articles found February 3, 2009

Three Canadian women flying over Afghan skies
Updated Mon. Feb. 2 2009 10:02 PM ET CTV.ca News Staff
Article Link

It may come as a surprise to know that only three Canadian women are flying Griffon helicopters in combat missions over Afghan skies.

Even more surprising is that these soldiers are among the first female helicopter pilots to ever serve in combat roles for the Canadian forces.

Pilot Tressa Olson is one of these three Canadian soldiers. But she doesn't like being identified by her gender.

"I don't like to be singled out as a female," Olson told CTV News.

"And I don't think it's necessarily a big deal to be a female here."

But it took a long time for the women of the Canadian Forces to get the respect that they deserve.

For generations, women were not allowed to serve in combat roles when they joined the Royal Canadian Air Force. They were told it was too dangerous to get near the front lines.

It wasn't until 1981 that the Canadian Forces allowed women to pilot military choppers.

Today, only three women are flying combat missions over Afghanistan, providing aerial cover for their fellow soldiers and ferrying their colleagues to and from the battlefield.

And they are among the best in the Canadian Forces.

One of the women says that even over her career, she has seen significant changes.

Capt. Andie Gallagher said she remembers when the air force used to be much more close-minded towards women in their ranks.

"The number of those dinosaurs, if you will, that are around now are few and far between from what they were only seven years ago when I got my wings," Gallagher told CTV News.

"And seven years from now, it's going to be even more different."
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Secret Report Urges New Afghanistan Policy
Politico: Pentagon Will Recommend U.S. Focus On Stabilizing Region, Eliminating Insurgency, Rather Than Boosting Democracy
Feb. 3, 2009
Article Link

(The Politico) The Pentagon's top military officers are recommending to President Barack Obama that he shift U.S. strategy in Afghanistan - to focus on ensuring regional stability and eliminating Taliban and al Qaeda safe havens in Pakistan, rather than on achieving lasting democracy and a thriving Afghan economy, officials said.

The recommendations to narrow U.S. goals are contained in a classified report by the Joint Chiefs of Staff that is likely to be shown soon to Obama as part of a review of Afghanistan strategy announced by the new administration.

Obama is expected to announce later this week his decision on a request for additional forces from the U.S. commander in Afghanistan, Lt. Gen. David McKiernan. Several officials said they expected the president to approve sending three additional combat brigades to Afghanistan, totaling roughly 10,000 to 12,000 troops.

But a decision by Obama about whether to approve a more far-reaching shift in U.S. objectives in Afghanistan will be made later as part of the strategy review, the officials said. In addition to the Joint Chiefs, Obama will hear recommendations from Gen. David Petraeus, in charge of U.S. Central Command, and from Richard Holbrooke, Obama's civilian envoy to Afghanistan. The review is not expected to be completed for several months.

As he weighs his options, Obama will have to balance his calls during the campaign for intensified effort in Afghanistan against recent warnings by some of his senior advisers, including Defense Secretary Robert Gates, of the dangers of getting deeply engaged in a place that has a long and bloody history of resisting foreign occupations.

Obama has indicated in recent weeks that he favors the idea of setting limited objectives, including ensuring that Afghanistan "cannot be used as a base to launch attacks against the United States." He cited the need for "more effective military action" while warning of Afghan hostility to foreign troops. His "number one goal" is to stop al Qaeda, he said.
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'I'm a field man'
By Richard Bulliet Published: February 3, 2009
Article Link

The news broke Monday about the kidnapping of John Solecki, the top UN official in Pakistan's Baluchistan Province. When I heard the news, I could not help but think back to earlier moments in John's career. He had been a student of mine in Columbia College, and I got to know him even better when he worked for a master's degree in the School of International and Public Affairs. We became good friends, and in those days I remember him often wondering about the kind of career he might have.

Then he started working with refugees, first on a contract basis and then for the United Nations High Commission on Refugees. A few years later he told me he had found his calling. "I'm a field man," he said. Working with refugees in the field is what he does best. He is imperturbable. He soothes the feelings of people in distress. They know without his having to say it that he is doing his best to help them. And he does help them.

Though his career path has pushed him toward being an administrator, he seems to always end up in the field again and again. John has brought aid and comfort to people in the Gaza Strip, the Saudi-Iraqi border, Kurdistan, Egypt, and finally Quetta in Pakistan. The next stop is supposed to be Kabul, Afghanistan. He is looking forward to that: John goes where the refugees are.

Why would anyone kidnap a man who has spent his entire career serving the needs of people in distress under the auspices of the United Nations? He is an American citizen, but he doesn't work for or represent the United States government. John has been moving from one chaotic region to another, not as a soldier or a military contractor, but rather, as a "field man" for the world's desperate refugees. The refugee camp is his beat, not the field of battle. He does not travel with a bodyguard or shun populated areas.
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Pakistani militants cut off key NATO supply line to Afghanistan
The attack highlights the need for alternative routes.
By Liam Stack posted February 03, 2009 at 10:10 am EST
Article Link

Islamist militants in Pakistan blew up a bridge through the mountainous Khyber Pass early on Tuesday, severing a key supply route for US and NATO troops in Afghanistan. Periodic attacks on the route have pushed the international forces to seek alternative ones outside Pakistan.

All traffic on the bridge has come to a halt, The Press Trust of India reports, including dozens of supply trucks bound for US and NATO forces.

The bridge connects Peshawar, the largest city in the Northwest Frontier Province, with the Khyber Pass, the primary route into Afghanistan.

Militants have harassed NATO supply lines in northwest Pakistan for several months, conducting ambushes on convoys and attacking truck depots in Peshawar itself, according to the news service. It says Tuesday's bridge attack may be a result of increased security at supply depots.

The Associated Press reports that the bridge is about 15 miles northwest of Peshawar.

A NATO spokesman in Afghanistan confirmed that supplies along the route had been halted "for the time being," but stressed the alliance was in no danger of running out of food, equipment or fuel....

It was not immediately clear whether supply convoys could reach Afghanistan through alternative routes in the region, nor how long it would take to rebuild it.

The Khyber Pass is one of two routes into Afghanistan from Pakistan, according to Reuters. The other connects the Pakistani province of Baluchistan with the southern Afghan city of Kandahar.

While the military provides few specifics of its supply operation, observers believe most of the supplies travel through the Khyber Pass, says Reuters.

The U.S. military and NATO have not given details of the supplies they get via Pakistan or a breakdown of how much comes on the two routes. The U.S. Defense Department says the U.S. military sends 75 percent of supplies for the Afghan war through or over Pakistan, including 40 percent of fuel.

Pakistani customs officials say under normal circumstances about 300 trucks with Western force supplies travel through the Khyber Pass crossing at Torkham every day, compared with about 100 through the Chaman crossing.

With the US planning to expand its Afghan operations, Tuesday's bridge attack highlights the need for secure supply routes. US planners say they are actively looking for routes that avoid Pakistan's volatile border areas.
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Upset with West, is Karzai turning east?
Tue Feb 3, 2009 12:32pm By Sayed Salahuddin - Analysis
Article Link

KABUL (Reuters) - Frustrated with some of his Western allies, in particular the United States, Afghan President Hamid Karzai has begun to reach out to Afghanistan's giant northern neighbour Russia.

U.S. President Barack Obama has pledged to make Afghanistan his top foreign policy priority and will be unlikely to give Karzai an easy ride, having accused him in the past of failing to get "out of the bunker" and rule effectively.

Karzai, once the darling of the West, is no longer assured of the unwavering support he enjoyed from former President George W. Bush, and European leaders have joined the chorus continually calling for good governance -- more implied criticism of Karzai.

"When Karzai sees his former allies are not in power and the rest criticise him, instead of helping him, then he looks for new allies," said Shukriya Barakzai, a prominent parliamentarian.

The new allies, she said, were led by Russia, and included neighbours Iran and China who have economic interests in Afghanistan, but also reservations about the presence of foreign troops.

Russian diplomats have said the West was making the same mistakes the Soviet Union made during its ill-fated 10-year occupation of Afghanistan.

On the eve of President Barack Obama's inauguration, Karzai's office released a statement saying Moscow had accepted his request for providing defence aid to Afghanistan.
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Security peddlers eye Afghan windfall
By David Isenberg
Article Link

As the President Barack Obama administration in the United States grapples with what to do about Afghanistan, one thing is certain; it is good news for the private military and security industry. As the United States sends more troops there they will be accompanied by an increase in private contractors.

The US military expects to send three additional combat brigades - between 10,000 and 12,000 troops - to Afghanistan between late spring and midsummer.

More troops means more supplies, which means more trucks and tankers carrying weapons, food, fuel, and construction materials to build barracks and support structures are needed, driven in

from Pakistan or Central Asian countries like Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan, or even Russia. As these are favored targets of the Taliban the military needs to hire protection services from private security firms, as it does not have enough forces to guard them all.

But it is not clear whether even private security firms will be capable of providing sufficient protection. Roadside bombs have become the primary threat to forces in Afghanistan. The number of incidents involving "improvised explosive devices”, or IEDs, rose 33% in 2008 from a year earlier, and the number of casualties caused by these roadside bombs increased by the same amount, according to statistics compiled by the US-led International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan.
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Canuck helicopter team adds vital eye in the sky
Edmonton Sun, Feb. 3

Cpl. Christopher Lucas grows quiet, momentarily choked with emotion.

"I'd rather not talk about it," the 33-year-old Edmontonian replies when asked about his relative, who is among the 108 Canadian soldiers killed in Afghanistan.

"It's personal and kinda tough."

He refuses to say any more, declining to name the soldier or talk about the circumstances of his death. But it's clear that the loss of a relative is a major reason why he takes his job so seriously.

Lucas, a 12-year veteran of the Canadian military, is a mechanic with the 408 Tactical Helicopter Squadron. It's his job to keep the eight CH-146 Griffons ready to fly on a moment's notice.

Speaking from the Canadian base at the Kandahar airfield yesterday, Lucas says the choppers, which have only been in Afghanistan since mid-December, are preventing more Canadian casualties on a daily basis...

Canadian soldiers have been particularly vulnerable in convoys of trucks delivering equipment, supplies and troops to forward operating bases throughout Kandahar province.

It is precisely that kind of tragedy that the helicopters are helping to avoid.

The Griffons, equipped with Gatling guns, armour plating and special sensors, are escort vehicles whose primary purpose is to protect large Chinook transport helicopters, greatly reducing the number of vehicles on the roads.

The Griffons can also escort ground convoys and spot roadside bombs from the air.

Retired Maj.-Gen. Lewis MacKenzie said movies like Black Hawk Down (about an ill-fated U.S. military operation in Somalia in the 1990s) can give the impression that helicopters are flying death traps, easy targets for anyone with a shoulder-mounted grenade launcher.

In fact, MacKenzie said, rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs) are not designed for airborne targets and only have a range of a hundred metres or so. Helicopters can easily fly above that.

Real surface-to-air missiles are harder to come by, and so far the Taliban don't appear to have any weapons that sophisticated.

HANDS UP

MacKenzie said during one visit to Kandahar, he asked a group of about 30 infantrymen how many of them had been attacked by a so-called improvised explosive device (IED).

"Every hand went up," he said.

It's demonstrations like this that gives Lucas his sense of purpose.

"I'm really proud to be here," says Lucas.

"My only regret is that I miss my wife and young daughter, but I know it's important that we're here. I look at it this way: when I think about (the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York) I know I would rather take the fight to them here, rather than fight them back home in Canada."

He adds: "I think we're serving a purpose and the soldiers that passed away did not die in vain."

Griffon helicopter crews make history over Kandahar
Air Force News Room, Feb. 2
http://www.airforce.forces.gc.ca/site/newsroom/news_e.asp?cat=114&id=7695

On January 6, 2009, the crews of two CH-146 Griffon helicopters made history: they flew a group of soldiers to a Forward Operating Base, thus completing the first sorties by Canadian helicopters in a theatre of war. Both helicopters belong to the Canadian Helicopter Force Afghanistan, part of the Joint Task Force Afghanistan (JTF-Afg) Air Wing.

"We've waited a long time to be here, and it feels really good to finally be adding to the overall mission," said mission commander and pilot Major Trevor Teller of 408 Tactical Helicopter Squadron in Edmonton. "Some of us have only been on the ground for a short time, and to already be flying missions with the Griffon is a huge success for the Wing. There was a heightened sense of anticipation for me, and to have actually flown the first mission in Afghanistan was incredible."

Comprising all the Canadian air assets deployed in the southwest Asia theatre of operations, the JTF-Afg Air Wing stood up at Kandahar Airfield on 6 December 2008. Along with eight Griffons, used for transport and escort tasks, the Canadian Helicopter Force Afghanistan includes six new [used, actually] CH-147 Chinook D medium- to heavy-lift transports, also flown by Canadian Forces crews, and six Mi-8 medium-lift transports, flown by civilian crews under charter. The Griffon and Chinook helicopters will continue training until they are ready to join the pool of aircraft available to International Security Assistance Force operations across southern Afghanistan.

Captain Curtis Wetyk, also of 408 Squadron, said, "Our senses were definitely tweaked when we were flying over the houses, sand dunes and farmland. I am very proud to be serving with the new Air Wing, and very proud of Canada's contribution to this mission." Capt Wetyk piloted the second Griffon.

"It was just like training; the process was the same - but I was way more vigilant and alert," said door-gunner Corporal Jesse Hall, a Reserve infantry soldier from the Governor General's Foot Guards in Ottawa. "It feels really good to be contributing to the mission here."..

News Photo

From left: Capt Curtis Wetyk, aircraft commander; Maj Trevor Teller, mission commander; Capt Michael Allard, first officer; Cpl Eric Fast, door gunner (kneeling); MCpl Rainer Roedger, flight engineer (sitting); Cpl Jesse Hall, door gunner (sitting), MCpl David Williams, flight engineer; Capt Ray Connelly, first officer.

Photo: Capt Dean Menard

Mark
Ottawa
 
ARTICLES FOUND FEB. 4

Plans Emerge for New Troop Deployments to Afghanistan (good map at link)
Wall St. Journal, Feb.4
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123370741624945711.html

Senior U.S. commanders are finalizing plans to send tens of thousands of reinforcements to Afghanistan's main opium-producing region and its porous border with Pakistan, moves that will form the core of President Barack Obama's emerging Afghan war strategy.

Local residents cross a river Tuesday after militants destroyed a bridge in northwest Pakistan, near Peshawar, cutting a major supply route for U.S.-led forces in Afghanistan.

Mr. Obama is likely to formally approve additional deployments this week, and Pentagon officials hope the full complement of 20,000 to 30,000 new troops will be on the ground by the end of the summer, pushing the U.S. military presence to its highest level since the start of the war in 2001.

U.S. commanders said the moves are part of a push to beat back the resurgent Taliban and secure regions of Afghanistan that are beyond the reach of the weak central government in Kabul. Unlike Iraq, where violence has typically been concentrated in cities, the war in Afghanistan is being increasingly waged in isolated villages and towns.

Virtually none of the new troops heading to Afghanistan will go to Kabul or other major Afghan cities. By contrast, when the Bush administration dispatched 30,000 new troops to Iraq as part of the so-called surge, the bulk of the new forces went to Baghdad.

Pentagon officials said troops will be deployed along the Helmand River Valley, which produces the bulk of the world's opium; along the two main highways of southern Afghanistan that have been hit by growing numbers of roadside bombs; in two provinces outside Kabul believed to serve as staging grounds for the insurgents planning attacks in the capital; and along the Afghan-Pakistani border.

"We'll array our troops to secure the population," Brig. Gen. John M. Nicholson, the top U.S. commander in southern Afghanistan, said in an interview. "We're going to go out to where the people are [emphasis added]."..

Afghanistan's violence has historically tapered off in the winter, but this year is shaping up differently. On Tuesday, militants destroyed a bridge in northwest Pakistan that is part of the main supply route for U.S.-led forces in Afghanistan, temporarily halting the shipments of food, gas and military equipment into the country. On Monday, a suicide bomber killed 21 Afghan police officers in one of Afghanistan's deadliest attacks in months.

NATO statistics show that 19 of the 20 areas with the highest numbers of attacks in Afghanistan are rural. The most dangerous city is the southern metropolis of Kandahar at No. 13 [emphasis added]; Kabul is No. 42.

The vast majority of the new troops will be deployed to southern Afghanistan [emphasis added], a Taliban stronghold that houses many of the shadow local governments run by the armed group. The Taliban are also profiting from the south's skyrocketing opium production, which allows the militants to continually replenish their supplies of weapons and fighters.

Some of the new forces are deploying to the border province of Kunar, a main transit route for the militants who cross into the country from Pakistan to carry out attacks on U.S., NATO and Afghan targets.

"We'll thicken our lines in Kunar," Maj. Gen. Jeffrey Schloesser, the top U.S. commander in eastern Afghanistan, said in a recent interview. "We'll be able to get out into some villages we haven't been in before."

In a potential complication to the U.S.-led war effort, the Kyrgyz government renewed its threat to close an American base that is a main transit point for troops deploying to Afghanistan. But U.S. officials dismissed the threat as political posturing designed to improve Kyrgyzstan's relationship with Russia [emphasis added].

Obama Seeks Narrower Focus in Afghan War
Situation Is Much Worse Than New Administration Realized and Will Take Time to Address

Washington Post, Feb. 4
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/03/AR2009020302858.html?hpid=topnews

As President Obama prepares to formally authorize the April deployment of two additional combat brigades to Afghanistan, perhaps as early as this week, no issue other than the U.S. economy appears as bleak to his administration as the seven-year Afghan war and the regional challenges that surround it.

A flurry of post-inauguration activity -- presidential meetings with top diplomatic and military officials, the appointment of a high-level Afghanistan-Pakistan envoy and the start of a White House-led strategic review -- was designed to show forward motion and resolve, senior administration officials said.

But newly installed officials describe a situation on the ground that is far more precarious than they had anticipated, along with U.S. government departments that are poorly organized to implement the strategic outline that Obama presented last week to his National Security Council and the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

With a 60-day deadline, tied to an April 3 NATO summit [emphasis added], Obama has called for a more regional outlook and a more narrowly focused Afghanistan policy that sets priorities among counterinsurgency and development goals. "The president . . . wants to hear from the uniformed leadership and civilian advisers as to what the situation is and their thoughts as to the way forward," a senior administration official said. "But he has also given pretty direct guidance."..

The two new U.S. brigades are set to arrive in Afghanistan in late April, with another planned to depart in August [emphasis added] But even with what is expected to be more than 30,000 additional U.S. troops this year -- bringing the U.S.-NATO total in Afghanistan to nearly 90,000 -- the international force will be insufficient to secure much of the country.

With the spring combat season near, the Taliban has rapidly increased its sophistication and reach. Neither the money nor the manpower is currently available to train and maintain an Afghan National Army that is expected to begin taking over security missions. Afghan elections are scheduled for summer, but U.S. officials see few viable alternatives to the ineffectual president, Hamid Karzai. Efforts to stem cultivation of opium poppies and the narcotics trade that lines Taliban and government pockets have made little discernible progress.

Nearly $60 billion ($32 billion of it from the United States) has already been spent on reconstruction programs in Afghanistan -- more than during five years of failed reconstruction in Iraq -- but such efforts remain "fragmented" and "lack coherence," according to U.S. government auditors. "I fear there are major weaknesses in strategy," retired Marine Corps Maj. Gen. Arnold Fields, the special inspector general for Afghanistan reconstruction, said in a report released Friday.

Across the border in Pakistan, meanwhile, U.S. military officials are anxiously eyeing a map on which extremist gains are rapidly spreading eastward, toward major population centers, as the Taliban and al-Qaeda solidify their hold on the western frontier and form alliances with domestic terrorists. Islamabad's relations with neighboring India, a fellow nuclear power, remain tense after November's terrorist attacks in Mumbai.

Officials described Obama's overall approach to what the administration calls "Af-Pak" as a refusal to be rushed, using words such as "rigor" and "restraint." "We know we're going to get [criticism] for taking our time," said a senior official, one of several in the administration and the military who would discuss the issue only on the condition of anonymity...

Obama's deadline for a new overall strategy, set at a Jan. 23 meeting of the National Security Council, coincides with the NATO summit at which he will "come face to face" with allies "looking at him for his perspective on where he's taking the U.S. effort," a senior official said...

With attacks on Afghan supply lines in Pakistan, US turns to Uzbekistan
US rebuilds ties with Central Asian nation to secure new military supply routes.

CS Monitor, Feb. 4
http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/0204/p04s01-wogn.html

Tashkent, Uzbekistan - Desperate for a new military supply route into Afghanistan, the US is quietly rebuilding ties with leaders of this Central Asian nation, despite its grim human rights record.

The need for a more reliable land link was underscored Tuesday after Taliban militants cut the existing major coalition supply route by blowing up a bridge in northwest Pakistan's Khyber Pass region.

Coalition forces are not in danger of running out of supplies, a NATO spokesman in Afghanistan said. But with 80 percent of all supplies flowing through this largely lawless region of Pakistan and with attacks on convoys increasing, Washington has been moving fast to repair relations with Afghanistan's neighbors.

Uzbekistan evicted the US military in 2005 after Washington and other Western governments called for an inquiry into the reported massacre of hundreds of civilians during a protest in the city of Andijan.

But stalled relations have served neither Uzbekistan nor the West, says US Ambassador Richard Norland. He insists, though, that the US is not turning a blind-eye to human rights abuses.

"Engagement is getting us further both on Afghanistan and on human rights than efforts to sanction and isolate" Uzbekistan, says Mr. Norland.

Further, Norland stressed that the US has no intention of reestablishing a military presence in Uzbekistan.

"I want to be very clear, there are no US bases in Uzbekistan, there are no requests for US bases, there is no offer of US bases, and there are no US [military] personnel" in Uzbekistan, other than a small staff at the embassy's defense attaché office.

Moscow has been anxious over the US presence in Central Asia, but perhaps more fearful of the expansion of Islamic militancy out of Afghanistan into its backyard.

On a recent visit here, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev told reporters, "We are ready for full-fledged and equal cooperation on security in Afghanistan, including with the United States [emphasis added]."..

The sole northern rail link into Afghanistan crosses Uzbekistan's border [emphasis added]. The railway connects with the Russian rail network and ultimately to Europe. The Uzbekistan government granted NATO access to its rail line not long after the EU eased sanctions in 2007. The supply route is said to bring in foodstuffs and other nonlethal supplies...

UN: 2,100 civilians killed in Afghanistan in 2008
Reuters, Feb. 3
http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5123KR20090203

More than 2,100 civilians were killed in Afghanistan in 2008, a 40 percent rise from the previous year, the United Nations said Tuesday.

It also cited partial figures saying that the Taliban and local warlords were responsible for 1,000 out of 1,800 civilian deaths up to the end of October, mainly due to suicide bombings and improvised explosive devices.

Nearly 700 people were killed by international and Afghan forces in the same period -- including 455 who died in air strikes -- while the cause of the remaining 100 had yet to be determined, it said.

The civilian toll was established by U.N. human rights officers deployed in Afghanistan whose full report was still being finalized, according to a U.N. spokesman.

"According to U.N. figures, over 2,100 civilians were killed as a result of armed conflict in 2008, which represents an increase of about 40 percent from 2007," U.N. Emergency Relief Coordinator John Holmes said.

The U.N. said 1,523 people were killed in 2007.

Holmes was speaking to representatives of aid donor countries in Geneva while launching an appeal for $604 million for Afghanistan for 2009 [emphasis added]...

Mark
Ottawa
 
Article found Feb 4, 2009.
Canadian troops troll gas stations for fuel, info
Article Link

ZHARI DISTRICT, Afghanistan — Canadians soldiers spent the day Wednesday visiting all the gas stations on a major thoroughfare in Zhari District, west of Kandahar City.

If gas stations seem an odd target for a military patrol, it's because the Taliban have been known to use them for staging operations during the summer fighting months. The gas stations — particularly the abandoned ones — are recognizable, offer ample space to gather and provide easy cover for insurgents.

The problem is, the Canadians don't know much about the stations — who owns them, what they're called and whether the Taliban or Afghan National Army extorts them for fuel.

So, Wednesday's mission was simple — buy some gas, get some information.

Afghan gas stations are a far cry from those in Canada. They feature dilapidated old pumps that may not work and, instead of an inside cash register, they tend to have a collection of men outside who explain the price.

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Suicide bombing ring is brought down in Afghanistan, officials say

http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-afghan-suicide-bombers4-2009feb04,0,5200378.story

Afghan authorities say 17 men in an alleged bombing cell have been arrested. The group is thought to be allied with Pakistani militants and to have received aid from the Pakistan spy agency ISI.

By M. Karim Faiez and Laura King
February 4, 2009
Reporting from Kabul, Afghanistan, and Istanbul, Turkey -- Afghan authorities said Tuesday that they had broken up a suicide bombing cell responsible for a string of attacks in the capital, including a massive explosion last month that killed an American serviceman and wounded five other U.S. soldiers.

In a disclosure likely to stoke tensions with Pakistan, a spokesman for Afghanistan's main intelligence service said the 17 men arrested in Kabul were believed to be affiliated with a Pakistan-based militant group known as the Haqqani network and that the cell's ringleader was a Pakistani national.

The spokesman, Sayed Ansari, also hinted that the plotters were assisted by Pakistan's powerful Inter-Services Intelligence directorate.

Afghanistan has long accused Pakistan of failing to crack down on insurgents who use Pakistan's lawless tribal areas as a staging ground for attacks in Afghanistan.

Relations between the neighboring nations have warmed considerably since Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari, the widower of slain former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, took office five months ago. Afghan President Hamid Karzai attended Zardari's inauguration and hailed what he called a fresh diplomatic start.

But critics and allies alike have questioned the Zardari government's ability to move effectively against insurgents in the tribal areas -- or to rein in the ISI, which has a long history of aiding groups such as the Taliban.

The spy agency's long-standing ties to the Haqqani network, led by veteran Taliban commander Jalaluddin Haqqani and his son Sirajuddin, were spotlighted last year when U.S. intelligence backed up Afghan authorities' assertion that the ISI had aided the group in its bombing of the Indian Embassy in Kabul in July. The attack killed nearly 60 people.

Pakistan heatedly denied any ISI involvement in the embassy attack. The Foreign Ministry had no immediate comment on the latest allegations from Kabul, said deputy spokesman Nadeem Hotiana.

Ansari, the spokesman for Afghanistan's National Directorate of Security, told reporters that the bombing cell that was broken up had carried out half a dozen attacks in the Afghan capital during the last 22 months.

He said the suspects had confessed to all of the bombings, including a Jan. 17 attack that targeted the German Embassy but also took place close to an American military base. In addition to the U.S. soldier killed and five servicemen injured in that attack, four Afghan passersby were killed and more than a dozen were hurt. No one inside the embassy was killed, but an undisclosed number of people were injured, German officials said.

The Afghan spokesman did not say when the arrests occurred, only that they were the result of raids at three places in Kabul. Three of the bombing ring's organizers remained at large and were believed to be in Pakistan, he said.

Ansari's suggestion of ISI support for the Haqqani network was unmistakable but less specific than past Afghan allegations against the Pakistani spy agency. When asked about a possible ISI role in arming and training the Kabul ring, he replied: "Who arms Haqqani and organizes [him], and where has he established his bases?"

U.S. military and intelligence officials have said the Haqqani network is based in Pakistan's North Waziristan tribal agency.

Ansari said the Kabul plotters also were believed to have links to a Pakistani militant group known as Harkat Mujahedin, which originally fought Indian troops in the disputed Himalayan region of Kashmir but has more recently affiliated itself with the Taliban. Harkat Mujahedin, like other militant fundamentalist groups in Kashmir, was believed to have been nurtured by the ISI.
 
Afghanistan: focusing the lens
Conference of Defence Associations' media round-up, Feb. 5
http://www.cdaforumcad.ca/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1233863965

GENERAL CRADDOCK'S CONTENTIOUS ORDER
Time May Be Short for NATO High Commander

Spiegel Online, Feb. 5
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,605780,00.html

At the end January, SPIEGEL reported that NATO High Commander General Craddock had ordered troops to attack drug traffickers -- without checking to see if they were also insurgents. He lost the internal dispute that ensued and his time may now be short in the Western alliance.

On Jan. 30, General Bantz John Craddock gave up. On that day, the NATO High Commander retracted an order calling on troops fighting in Afghanistan with NATO's International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) to attack drug traffickers and facilities. Many of Craddock's comrades found the order unpalatable -- it explicitly directed NATO troops to kill those involved in the drug trade even if there was no proof that they supported insurgents fighting against NATO or Afghan security forces.

General Egon Ramms, from Germany, who heads up the NATO command center responsible for Afghanistan in Brunssum, the Netherlands, expressed his displeasure with the order as did US General David McKiernan, who heads up the NATO command in Afghanistan. Both felt that the order violated ISAF rules of engagement as well as international law.

Craddock was extremely upset by the resistance from his subordinates, insiders report. They say he even considered sending a written demand to Berlin that General Ramms be relieved of duty. In the end, though, the US general bowed to the inevitable and made the change demanded by both Ramms and McKiernan. Instead of being given a free hand against drug traffickers, NATO troops will continue to be allowed to attack only those drug traffickers with provable ties to insurgents and terror groups. The change, a NATO spokesperson said on Wednesday, means that the incident is over.

SPIEGEL reported on the Craddock order -- and the disagreement within NATO leadership -- on Jan. 29. Since then, NATO has made every effort to play down the dispute and attempted to portray Craddock's "guidance" as little more than a proposal to be commented on by his subordinates. Such a procedure, however, is hardly common practice within the NATO chain of command. At the operational level, no orders are issued -- there are only "guidances" and "directions," explains retired four-star General Dieter Stöckmann, who served as NATO deputy high commander in Mons, Belgium until 2002. Speaking from his experience, Stöckmann said "a guidance is not a recommendation. Rather it is clearly a binding order."..

...it may soon be Craddock himself in the hot seat. Already, there are those in NATO headquarters in Brussels, as well as in the alliance's military headquarters in Mons, who are speculating about "the last days of Craddock." Hardly anyone believes that the "hard-core Rumsfeld man," as some refer to him, will make it to the end of his term of service this summer. Craddock is seen as a leftover of the George W. Bush administration. It is seen as likely that his defeat in the just-ended dispute among NATO generals will speed his departure.

His successor would likely be Marine General James N. Mattis, currently Supreme Allied Commander Transformation in Norfolk Virginia [emphasis added].

Craddock, for his part, is already prepared for his career to come to an end. In January, he visited a US army course for retiring military personal.

Mark
Ottawa
 
Articles found February 5, 2009

A Canadian Combat First
February 5, 2009
Article Link

This year Canadian troops have, for the first time, flown in a Canadian helicopter in a combat zone. Two CH-146 helicopters flew soldiers to a Canadian base in Afghanistan. The last time Canadian troops were in large scale combat, during the Korean War (1950-53), there were few helicopters available (the first use of helicopters in combat had occurred in 1945), and they were all American.
Canada has established its own little air force in Afghanistan. The Canadian Air Wing will have, by this Summer, six leased Russian made Mi-8 transport helicopters, six newly purchased U.S. CH-47 transport helicopters and eight Canadian made CH-146 armed transports to escort the larger choppers. The Wing will have about 450 personnel to support the twenty helicopters and some UAVs.

A primary function of the choppers will be to keep Canadian troops off the roads, where half the casualties have been suffered because of roadside bombs. Previous to the establishment of the Wing, the 2,500 Canadian troops had much less access to helicopter transport than their American or NATO allies fighting in the south. This is the first time, since the Korean War (1950-53) that Canadian forces have established an Air Wing in a combat zone.
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Canadian troops pump gas station owners for info.
By Archie McLean, Canwest News ServiceFebruary 4, 2009
Article Link

ZHARI DISTRICT, Afghanistan - Canadians soldiers spent the day Wednesday visiting all the gas stations on a major thoroughfare in Zhari District, west of Kandahar City.

If gas stations seem an odd target for a military patrol, it's because the Taliban have been known to use them for staging operations during the summer fighting months. The gas stations - particularly the abandoned ones - are recognizable, offer ample space to gather and provide easy cover for insurgents.

The problem is, the Canadians don't know much about the stations - who owns them, what they're called and whether the Taliban or Afghan National Army extorts them for fuel.

So, Wednesday's mission was simple - buy some gas, get some information.

Afghan gas stations are a far cry from those in Canada. They feature dilapidated old pumps that may not work and, instead of an inside cash register, they tend to have a collection of men outside who explain the price.

Three light armoured vehicles pull up to the first station and the soldiers spill outside. The owner is leery of the Canadian presence, explaining through an interpreter that the military vehicles and soldiers scare his customers away. It is a sentiment that is echoed several times during the day.

At first he refuses to sell them diesel at all because he is afraid of being seen collaborating with the military. After Lieut. Jeff Lloyd, the platoon commander, explains he only wants 10 litres in a jerry can, the owner relents.
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U.S. Searches for Alternative to Kyrgyz Base
By ELISABETH BUMILLER and ELLEN BARRY Published: February 5, 2009
Article Link

WASHINGTON — The Obama administration scrambled Wednesday to come up with an alternative to a crucial United States air base in Central Asia, used to supply the growing military operation in Afghanistan, after the president of Kyrgyzstan ordered the American base in his country closed.

Defense and State Department officials said they had concluded that Russia had pressed Kyrgyzstan, a former Soviet republic, to expel the Americans. Russia has promised not to impede the American-led fight against the Taliban in Afghanistan, but has also sought to push United States forces out of bases it began leasing in Central Asia in the wake of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.

The Kyrgyz Parliament planned to vote next week on a measure that would close the base at Manas, a major air hub for troops and cargo. Loss of the base would present a significant problem for the Obama administration as it deploys as many as 30,000 additional troops to Afghanistan over the next two years. Taliban attacks have made another prime supply route to Afghanistan — an overland pass through Pakistan — highly unreliable.
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Feds block inquiry into transfer of Afghan prisoners.
By Mike Blanchfield, Canwest News ServiceFebruary 4, 2009
Article Link

OTTAWA - Less than two weeks before it was to begin hearing evidence from witnesses into Canada's handling of detainees in Afghanistan, the government has again blocked the inquiry of the Military Police Complaints Commission.

Commission chair Peter Tinsley, who had planned to begin full-scale public hearings on Feb. 17, issued the indefinite adjournment order this week after the Justice Department filed a motion in Federal Court calling for the inquiry to be stayed.

The commission has criticized the government for not co-operating with its inquiry, launched after a complaint by Amnesty International Canada and the British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, which alleges military members allowed Afghan detainees to be transferred to local authorities with due consideration they would face torture.

Paul Champ, the Ottawa lawyer for Amnesty International, said it's clear the federal government is trying to kill the inquiry.

``They don't want any of the Canadian Forces officers, or military police, or Department of Foreign Affairs officials, getting on a stand where there's television cameras and newspaper reporters to say what they've seen done and heard in Afghanistan with respect to detainees,'' said Champ.
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Taliban burns 10 trucks on Afghanistan-Pakistan supply route
By Zulfiqar Ali and Laura King February 5, 2009
Article Link

Reporting from Istanbul, Turkey, and Peshawar, Pakistan -- A day after blowing up a crucial land bridge, Taliban militants torched 10 supply trucks returning from Afghanistan to Pakistan on Wednesday, underscoring the insurgents' dominance of the main route used to transport supplies to Afghan-based U.S. and NATO troops.

Months of disruptions on the route from the Pakistani port of Karachi through the historic Khyber Pass have forced NATO and American military authorities to look for other transit options. About three-quarters of the supplies for Western forces in Afghanistan -- mainly food and fuel -- are ferried through Pakistan by contractors, usually poorly paid, semiliterate truckers. Many now refuse to drive the route because of the danger.
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Articles found February 6, 2009

Tajikistan ready to help US with Afghanistan supplies
7 hours ago
Article Link

DUSHANBE (AFP) — Tajikistan said Friday it was ready to allow US and NATO supplies for Afghanistan to transit its territory, after neighbouring Kyrgyzstan ordered the closure of a vital American airbase.

The decision by the Kyrgyz government to shut down the Manas airbase has troubled Washington, which had used the facility as a vital route for flying in supplies for coalition forces in Afghanistan.

Tajik President Emomali Rakhmon said after meeting the US ambassador that his country was ready to allow supplies including construction materials, medicines, fuel and water to transit its soil by road.

"Tajikistan is ready to offer the United States and NATO countries help with the transit of humanitarian and commercial supplies to Afghanistan," he said in a statement.

He said the supplies would be of a non-military nature and should be not just for the benefit of coalition forces.

"They should be destined not only for the military but it is also important they are used for the reconstruction of Afghanistan," he added.

US ambassador Tracey Ann Jacobson said the transit would take place by land and would employ a new bridge over the Panj river funded by Washington that opened in August 2007 and links the south of Tajikistan with Afghanistan
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Russia to help U.S. deliver cargo to Afghanistan
Article Link

MOSCOW, Russia (CNN) -- Russia will assist the U.S. in the transit of non-military cargo to Afghanistan, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Friday.

An overturned truck on the bridge in Khyber, Pakistan, destroyed by militants.

Lavrov said on Russian television that his country intends to cooperate to help get vital cargo to NATO troops in Afghanistan.

The United States had asked to transport the cargo through Russian territory to Afghanistan, Lavrov said.

In recent days, the United States has faced setbacks in its ability to resupply troops.

Kyrgyzstan decided to close a U.S. military base used as a route for troops and supplies to Afghanistan.

And Pakistan officials confirmed Friday a key bridge in Khyber was blown up Tuesday on the supply route from Peshawar to Afghanistan.

The attack suspended NATO supply lines between the countries and prompted authorities to look for alternate supply routes for supply trucks and traffic.

On Friday, a suicide attack near the same bridge injured seven people. On Wednesday, suspected militants fired rockets on NATO trucks in Khyber, one of seven semiautonomous tribal agencies along the Afghan border.
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2 Afghans face death over translation of Quran
By HEIDI VOGT – 12 hours ago
Article Link

KABUL (AP) — No one knows who brought the book to the mosque, or at least no one dares say.

The pocket-size translation of the Quran has already landed six men in prison in Afghanistan and left two of them begging judges to spare their lives. They're accused of modifying the Quran and their fate could be decided Sunday in court.

The trial illustrates what critics call the undue influence of hardline clerics in Afghanistan, a major hurdle as the country tries to establish a lawful society amid war and militant violence.

The book appeared among gifts left for the cleric at a major Kabul mosque after Friday prayers in September 2007. It was a translation of the Quran into one of Afghanistan's languages, with a note giving permission to reprint the text as long as it was distributed for free.

Some of the men of the mosque said the book would be useful to Afghans who didn't know Arabic, so they took up a collection for printing. The mosque's cleric asked Ahmad Ghaws Zalmai, a longtime friend, to get the books printed.

But as some of the 1,000 copies made their way to conservative Muslim clerics in Kabul, whispers began, then an outcry.
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Articles found February 11, 2009

Talking, rather than fighting, in Afghanistan
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
Article Link

President Obama held his first prime-time news conference Tuesday night. When questioned on Afghanistan, he replied, "This is going to be a big challenge." He also was asked whether he would change the Pentagon policy banning the filming and photographing of the flag-draped coffins of soldiers killed in Iraq and Afghanistan. He said he was reviewing it. The journalist who asked the question also pointed out that it was Joe Biden several years ago who accused the Bush administration of suppressing the images to avoid public furor over the deaths of U.S. service members. Now Vice President Biden predicts a surge in U.S. troops in Afghanistan will mean more U.S. casualties: "I hate to say it, but yes, I think there will be. There will be an uptick."

Meanwhile, the Associated Press recently cited a classified report drafted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff recommending a shift in strategy from democracy-building in Afghanistan to attacking alleged Taliban and al Qaeda strongholds along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border.
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Russia says may offer aircraft for Afghan transit
Wed Feb 11, 2009 11:11am GMT 
Article Link

MOSCOW (Reuters) - Russia could offer its military aircraft to help supply NATO-led soldiers fighting Taliban insurgents in Afghanistan, Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on Wednesday.

The Kremlin views Afghanistan as an area where Russian interests coincide with those of the United States, despite fierce disagreements on other issues.

When asked about ways to improve ties with the United States under new President Barack Obama, Lavrov said Russia was ready for close and wide cooperation on Afghanistan.

"Non-military transit has already been granted as part of our agreements with NATO and the United States very recently received our agreement... for delivery of their cargoes for the needs of the international forces," Lavrov said.
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If Obama asks us to stay in Afghanistan, can we refuse?
For years, Canada has been asking others to step up to the plate
L. IAN MACDONALD, The Gazette Published: 13 hours ago
Article Link

Under beware of what you wish for, Canada has long asked the United States and other NATO partners to step up their commitments to the mission in Afghanistan.

Welcome Barack Obama, who wants to double the U.S. commitment to 60,000 troops on the ground there. The problem for Canada is that after asking for reinforcements as a condition of prolonging our stay there for another two years, Stephen Harper announced during last fall's campaign that we would be leaving the country in 2011.

So, while a liberal Democrat makes one campaign promise to shift the military focus from Iraq to Afghanistan, and even to Pakistan, a Conservative Canadian leader is saying we've done our part and are leaving the neighbourhood. Huh?
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Canada defends rising Afghan costs as crisis bites
Tue Feb 10, 2009 2:47am EST  By David Ljunggren
Article Link

OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canadian Defense Minister Peter MacKay said on Monday that the rising cost of the country's military mission in Afghanistan was worth the expense, even though the economic crisis is starting to bite hard.

Skeptical opposition legislators grilled MacKay over why, at a time of big budget deficits and soaring unemployment, Ottawa was pouring billions of dollars into a combat mission that critics say shows few signs of success.

Last October, Parliament's budgetary officer said the mission could cost C$18 billion ($15 billion) if Canada's 2,700 troops stayed until the end of 2011 as planned.

"Afghanistan was the largest exporter of terror in our lifetime so our efforts there to bring about some semblance of security and democracy continue to be a very worthy cause," MacKay told reporters.

"Now that's costly. A military mission by its very nature is expensive ... but we are making gains," he said after testifying to Parliament's defense committee.

So far, 108 Canadian soldiers have died in Afghanistan, where Taliban insurgents are making gains. Senior western officials openly admit the NATO mission is in trouble.

Late last month Canada's Conservative government, under pressure to tackle the deepening economic crisis, unveiled a stimulus laden budget that will rack up a deficit of C$64 billion over the next two fiscal years.

MacKay, who went to the committee to explain why he was requesting an extra C$441 million for the Afghan mission, faced some tough questions from opposition parliamentarians.
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US grappling with Canada's exit from Afghanistan
By LARA JAKES – 19 hours ago  Article Link

OTTAWA (AP) — Two weeks before Christmas, Canadian Master Cpl. Mike Trauner lay near death after a mortar exploded while he was on patrol in Afghanistan. He lost one leg below the knee, the other just above the knee, and his hand remains swollen with embedded shrapnel.

Trauner said he would like to be deployed again, yet it's doubtful that the 29-year-old from Sudbury, Ontario, will return to Afghanistan — and not because of his injuries. The Canadian government plans to withdraw its combat troops by 2011, feeling the loss of more than 100 troops killed in Afghanistan since 2001. About 2,500 serve there now.

The looming absence of one of its closest allies has left the United States grappling with how to eliminate terror threats and government corruption in Afghanistan with its own troops already stretched thin from years in Iraq.

Joint Chiefs Chairman Adm. Mike Mullen, the top U.S. military officer, paid homage to Canada's fallen and praised the nation's Afghanistan mission during a daylong visit to Ottawa on Tuesday.

Mullen called Canadian combat forces in Afghanistan "absolutely critical" but said the issue of their withdrawal did not come up during his meetings.
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Articles found February 13, 2009

  children killed during Australian operation in Afghanistan
By Richard A. Oppel Jr. and; Published: February 13, 2009
Article Link

Five children were killed in predawn fighting Thursday between Australian special operations troops and Taliban guerrillas in south-central Afghanistan, the latest incident of rising civilian casualties that have hurt support for American and NATO troops here.

The skirmish, which occurred in darkness in a village called Sarmorghab in Oruzgan Province, north of Kandahar, was condemned by the provincial governor, Assadullah Hamdam, who said it would have a "negative effect." He also said provincial officials had already pleaded with troops not to carry out raids where civilians are  present.

The deaths come amid a growing chorus of complaints about civilian casualties from Afghan officials, including President Hamid Karzai, as well as new fears that plans to add as many as 30,000 more American troops will only lead to more such fatalities.

Afghan leaders will press their case over the next few days with Richard Holbrooke, the Obama administration's special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan. Holbrooke, who arrived in Afghanistan on Thursday after visiting Pakistan, is expected to meet with Karzai and perhaps a dozen other senior Afghan political leaders and parliamentarians, as well as with United Nations and American and NATO officials.

A statement by the Australian military about the Oruzgan deaths said the Australian troops began shooting after they were attacked by Taliban insurgents. "A number of people have been killed and wounded during this incident," the statement said. In addition to the five children, a "suspected insurgent" was killed and two children and two civilians were also wounded. None of the Australian troops were hurt.
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Army doc, 74, soldiers on toward 3rd tour overseas
By RUSS BYNUM – 6 hours ago  Article Link

FORT BENNING, Ga. (AP) — Dr. John Burson balked when a skeptical Army staffer asked him to undergo a three-day physical exam to make sure he was fit to deploy as a field surgeon to Afghanistan.

"Look, I'm training to run a half-marathon," replied Burson, 74, a retired lieutenant colonel. "You come down and check to see if I can make it."

Burson won the debate and was declared fit for duty. The ear, nose and throat specialist from northwest Georgia wrapped up a weeklong training course this week at Fort Benning before his scheduled deployment Friday for a 90-day rotation with a unit of the 101st Airborne Division.

The first of two stints in Iraq proved unforgettable back in 2005, he said. Burson was among several doctors assigned to keep watch over an imprisoned Saddam Hussein.

The fallen dictator, who was three years younger than Burson, told him: "I'm glad they sent me one with gray hair this time."

Several of Burson's uncles and cousins enlisted during World War II, inspiring him to seek an Army officer's commission in the 1950s. But it would be five decades before he went to war.
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NATO green-lights attacking Afghan drug operations with Taliban links
23 hours ago Article Link

KANDAHAR, Afghanistan — NATO has ironed out its legal concerns and formally issued orders to treat Afghan drug lords who fuel the violent Taliban insurgency as legitimate military targets.

Bombing narcotics shipments, arresting drug barons and blowing up opium processing labs with a verifiable link to militants is now a key priority - one that senior commanders and political leaders of the military alliance are confident will not violate international law.

"This discussion within the chain of command is now complete and the orders issued," James Appathurai, a spokesman for NATO's secretary general, said Thursday in an email to The Canadian Press.

Appathurai said NATO lawyers have reviewed the new policy, which requires that any case against Afghan drug dealers be proven through intelligence.

"The orders require the demonstration of a link between the narcotics facilities and facilitators, and the insurgency."

The formal issuing of the order clears the way for stepped-up operations to begin "within days," said other senior military officials.
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British to play smaller role as US troops fight ‘losing battle’
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Britain's military is to be handed a significantly diminished role on the front line in southern Afghanistan when President Obama completes a strategic review of a war that US officials say is in danger of being lost.

Mr Obama is preparing to make his first key deployment as US Commander-in-Chief over the next few days, with reports suggesting that he may send between 3,500 and 7,000 additional troops to Afghanistan.

The Americans are to build two huge new bases in the south. One will be one on the Helmand border with Kandahar at Maiwand - a place famous as the site of the destruction of a British army during the Second Afghan War of 1881. The other will be in Zabul, a province now largely controlled by the Taleban and criminal gangs.

Commanders have requested a surge of up to 30,000 soldiers, but the President is said to be carefully weighing up his options and the capacity of Nato allies before making a decision next month.
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A bloody day in Kabul
Amid a terrifying Taliban attack, I got a first-hand view of the progress made by Afghan security forces

Ottawa Citizen, Feb. 13, by Nipa Banerjee
http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/bloody+Kabul/1284211/story.html

I was at a meeting in Kabul on Wednesday, discussing with Afghan civil servants how Afghanistan's National Development Strategy's progress toward results can be monitored and reported, how results can be measured.

A young Afghan raised his hand to a question on security. He enumerated a number of measures: reduction in suicide attacks, reduced number of deaths from IED explosions, reduced number of abductions, reduced attacks on police, government offices and schools. He cited an article by Hekmat Karzai, who heads up a conflict and peace studies institute, which reported that insecure conditions forced the closure of 50 per cent of schools in southern Afghanistan.

Just as the young civil servant was saying that prevention of Taliban infiltration into Kabul and the peripheries is yet another good measure of security, a huge explosion silenced him.

We all rushed to the large windows at the back of the room facing the compound of the Ministry of Finance. We witnessed mayhem outside: Hundreds of armed Afghan men with guns drawn were running toward the justice ministry building under attack, only four metres away from our location. As we watched the operations outside, our building was also encircled by armed guards.

I was standing on a chair to get a good grasp of the situation when black-suited security officers politely asked me to stay away from the window because bullets were flying everywhere. We were asked to lock the doors of the building because it was suspected that one of the suicide bombers escaped and was hiding in one of the finance ministry buildings. I must admit that I wondered if a flimsy locked wooden door would survive a bomb explosion.

The young Afghans laughed raucously and said that I could now claim to witness the "results" of international community's involvement in Afghanistan and progress in security as a result of the deployment of thousands of international armed forces and for over seven years. Should I seek more measures of progress?..

A certain complacency develops when one is living in insecure environments. I think back to 2005, when one morning at 4:30, the sound of a huge explosion woke me up. The sound was so close that it seemed it was coming from inside me. I thought, oh, this explosion must be very near this time; and it was, right outside the gate of the Canadian Embassy residence -- it blew off part of the gate of our home and I later found out it had severely injured one of the guards. But I rolled over and went back to sleep.

Quite unlike Wednesday, no one came to query my welfare. Likely, this complacency hit our Canadian military police security guards, as well, and they were fast asleep.

Is Canada as a whole getting complacent about Afghanistan? While Richard Holbrook, U.S. President Barack Obama's special envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan, calls Afghanistan a "mess" like he has never seen before -- and he has seen a lot -- our government announces "real progress" in Afghanistan after this month's security conference in Munich. My Afghan colleagues beg to differ.

But this week I collected first-hand at least one indicator to measure progress in capacity building of the Afghan armed forces.

The whole operation on Wednesday was led and conducted by Afghans and Afghans alone. They killed the surviving bombers and cleared the building within three hours -- no simple task given the size of the building and the complexities of the interior, with rooms, sub-rooms, doors and alleys. The operation was undertaken with vigour, efficiency and without creating a sense of panic.

I consider this a very hopeful sign. The Afghan armed forces displayed the potential of acting independently, without foreign forces' support. Bravo to them.

Nipa Banerjee is a professor at the School of International Development and Global Studies at the University of Ottawa. She served as the head of Canada's aid program in Afghanistan (2003-06) and now visits Afghanistan frequently as a development adviser to the Afghan government.

Feinstein comment on U.S. drones likely to embarrass Pakistan
The Predator planes that launch missile strikes against militants are based in Pakistan, the senator says. That suggests a much deeper relationship with the U.S. than Islamabad would like to admit.

LA Times, Feb. 13
http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-uspakistan13-2009feb13,0,4776260.story

A senior U.S. lawmaker said Thursday that unmanned CIA Predator aircraft operating in Pakistan are flown from an air base in that country, a revelation likely to embarrass the Pakistani government and complicate its counter-terrorism collaboration with the United States.

The disclosure by Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.), chairwoman of the Senate Intelligence Committee, marked the first time a U.S. official had publicly commented on where the Predator aircraft patrolling Pakistan take off and land.

At a hearing, Feinstein expressed surprise over Pakistani opposition to the campaign of Predator-launched CIA missile strikes against Islamic extremist targets along Pakistan's northwestern border.

"As I understand it, these are flown out of a Pakistani base," she said.

The basing of the pilotless aircraft in Pakistan suggests a much deeper relationship with the United States on counter-terrorism matters than has been publicly acknowledged. Such an arrangement would be at odds with protests lodged by officials in Islamabad, the capital, and could inflame anti-American sentiment in the country.

The CIA declined to comment, but former U.S. intelligence officials, speaking on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the information, confirmed that Feinstein's account was accurate [emphasis added].

Mark
Ottawa
 
Afghanistan: shadows and bombs
Conference of Defence Associations' media round-up, Feb. 13
http://www.cdaforumcad.ca/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1234557908

Mark
Ottawa
 
Articles found February 15, 2009


Obama's men in Afghanistan
Misconceptions in the new administration could set back progress in the fight against the opium economy
THOMAS SCHWEICH From Saturday's Globe and Mail February 14, 2009 at 12:00 AM EST
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Earlier this month, the United Nations released a report predicting a decline in opium cultivation in Afghanistan for the second year in a row. Because Afghan heroin funds the insurgency, corrupts the government and interferes with legitimate agricultural programs, this was good news for everyone. Four years ago, farmers grew poppies in all 34 of Afghanistan's provinces. Three years ago there were six poppy-free provinces; two years ago, there were 13; last year, there were 18; and experts predict that 22 of the 34 will likely be poppy-free this year. Nationwide, poppy cultivation was down 19 per cent last year, and it will likely fall even more this year, prompting the top UN diplomat in Afghanistan to say a few days ago, "This year could be a turning point" in the war against Afghan heroin.

As one of the U.S officials who developed and co-ordinated the counternarcotics strategy currently in effect, I felt heartened, but only a little. We — the international community and the Afghans — should have done a lot better. We have not delivered an effective counternarcotics campaign in two insurgency-ridden southern provinces — Helmand and Kandahar — the source of more than three-quarters of the heroin produced on Earth. The principal culprits are the Taliban, who protect their fields aggressively (killing dozens of Afghan narcotics police each year), and corrupt Afghan officials, many of whom come from these two provinces, and need the support of powerful drug lords in upcoming elections.

Outside Afghanistan, there are, regrettably, two other reasons we could not make inroads in Helmand and Kandahar: Ambassador Richard Holbrooke and Lieutenant-General Karl Eikenberry. U.S. President Barack Obama has just chosen Mr. Holbrooke, a former Clinton administration official, as his special representative in the region, and Lt.-Gen. Eikenberry as his ambassador to Afghanistan. We all wish them well, but, if they are to succeed, they need to get their facts straight, establish clearer lines of authority, and avoid the increasing militarization of civilian projects.
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Canadian soldier injured in Afghan bomb attack
By Darah Hansen, Vancouver SunJanuary 19, 2009
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KANDAHAR AIRFIELD, Afghanistan — A Canadian soldier remains in hospital with serious injuries following a roadside bomb attack Monday morning.

Military authorities said the soldier was on foot patrol with the Afghan security forces in the IED-prone Panjwaii district, about 23 kilometres west of Kandahar City, when the explosion occurred.

The soldier was flown by helicopter to the military hospital at Kandahar Airfield where his condition was listed Monday evening as "fair."

Authorities said the soldier's identity will not be released due to privacy concerns. His family has been notified of the incident.
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Pakistani militants free Chinese engineer
Sun Feb 15, 2009 2:23am EST  (Adds details, Chinese embassy statement, background) By Kamran Haider
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ISLAMABAD, Feb 15 (Reuters) - Pakistani Taliban militants have freed a Chinese telecommunications engineer after holding him captive for more than five months, a spokesman for the militants and Chinese officials said on Sunday.

Long Xiaowei had been freed as a "goodwill gesture" to the Chinese people, said Muslim Khan, a spokesman for the militants in the northwestern Swat Valley.

"He has been released. He's fine," Khan said.

Security has deteriorated sharply in Pakistan since August, with troops battling Islamic militants in various parts of the northwest as well as along the border with Afghanistan.
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Afghan cop a rarity in force rife with corruption
By Archie McLean , Canwest News Service February 14, 2009
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ZHARI DISTRICT, Afghanistan -- The line of cars on the dusty Afghan road is growing longer. It's the equivalent of morning rush hour here and villagers are becoming impatient with the delay of their shopping trips.

Muhammed Khan and his police officers - on patrol in Taliban territory with Canadian soldiers - don't panic. They calmly and methodically search each vehicle, patting down the men and checking the cargo for explosives or other suspicious material. Running a vehicle checkpoint may be a simple task for a professional police force, but this is the Afghan National Police, an organization that is often, and rightly, criticized here for incompetence, drug use and corruption.

Khan's unit is the exception. He strictly enforces a no-drug-use policy and has no patience for corruption. His Canadian mentors say if the fledgling force had more commanders like Khan, their job would be redundant.

"We wouldn't need to be here," says Master-Cpl. Gary O'Brien. "These guys are more seasoned than some of our soldiers."

Khan and his officers have proven themselves time and again to the Canadian soldiers, including in numerous firefights, some as long as five or six hours.
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US supplies via Russia to start soon
By JIM HEINTZArticle Link

MOSCOW (AP) — The shipment of U.S. military supplies for Afghanistan through Russia will begin soon, news agencies quoted Russia's foreign minister as saying Saturday.

"The transit will take place literally within days," Sergey Lavrov told TV Tsentr, according to the Interfax, ITAR-Tass and RIA-Novosti agencies.

Foreign Ministry officials could not be reached for comment late Saturday, and the reports did not say whether the supplies would transit Russia by land or air. However, Russia announced last week that it would allow U.S. shipments of non-lethal military supplies to Afghanistan.

Supply routes to Afghanistan for the U.S.-led international military operation have become an increasingly critical issue in recent months amid growing militant attacks on the land routes through Pakistan that carry about 75 percent of U.S. supplies.

The U.S. plans to send around 30,000 more troops to Afghanistan this year.

Concerns rose further this month when Kyrgyzstan's president announced that the Central Asian country intends to evict a U.S. military base that is an important transit point for Afghanistan-bound troops and supplies. The base also is home to tanker planes that refuel military aircraft over Afghanistan.
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'Pashtunistan' holds key to Obama mission
Jason Burke in London, Yama Omid in Kabul, Paul Harris in Washington, Saeed Shah in Islamabad and Gethin Chamberlain in Delhi
The Observer, Sunday 15 February 2009
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The mountainous borderlands where Afghanistan meets Pakistan have been described as a Grand Central Station for Islamic terrorists, a place where militants come and go and the Taliban trains its fighters. Now Barack Obama has made solving the 'Af-Pak' question a top priority. But could the battle to tame the Pashtun heartland become his Vietnam?

Article history

Relaxing one evening last week at the Cuckoo's Cafe, a rooftop restaurant in the heart of the eastern Pakistani city of Lahore, Barack Obama's special envoy to Pakistan and Afghanistan seemed on the point of causing a major incident.

As ever in the region, there had been no warning. The weather was just right, a warm late winter evening. The view was even better - unmarred by the security subtly positioned on surrounding buildings. From his table, Richard Holbrooke, 67, the diplomat charged with calming what fellow members of the administration call the most dangerous place in the world, looked out over the giant Badshahi mosque and the imposing Lahore Fort, both more than 300 years old. Carefully invited politicians, writers, human rights activists and journalists from Lahore's liberal elite chatted at tables around him.

It was not that Holbrooke did not enjoy the barbecued spicy kebabs, Lahore's speciality, it was just he had one special request. He wanted daal, the plain lentil curry that is the humblest dish in South Asia. For such a distinguished guest, none had been prepared. "The bulldozer", credited with negotiating an end to the war in the Balkans in the 1990s, usually gets his way and this time was no exception. Daal was soon on its way.

Tonight Holbrooke will land at the Palam air force base, adjacent to the main civilian airport in New Delhi. It will be the last stop on a journey that has led the diplomat across the broad swathe of territory stretching from central Afghanistan to Pakistan's Indus river. Call it the central front of the global "war on terror", the fulcrum of the "arc of crisis", Pashtunistan or simply, in the most recent neologism, "AfPak", no one doubts that this is the biggest foreign policy headache for Obama's new team.
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Is U.S. repeating mistakes Soviet regime made in Afghanistan?
By JONATHAN S. LANDAY McClatchy Newspapers
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Twenty years to the day after the last Soviet soldier left Afghanistan, Dastagir Arizad ticked off grievances against President Hamid Karzai and the United States that are disturbingly reminiscent of Moscow's humiliating defeat.

"Day by day, we see the Karzai government failing. The Americans are also failing," said Arizad, 40, as he huddled against the cold in the stall where he sells ropes and plastic hoses. "People are not feeling safe. Their lives are not secure. Their daughters are not safe. Their land is not secure. The Karzai government is corrupt."

"The problems we are having are made by the Americans. The Americans should review their policies," he said Saturday. "They should not support the people who are in power."

As Arizad spoke, President Barack Obama's special envoy, Richard Holbrooke, was holding his first talks with Karzai in the presidential palace nearby amid mounting U.S.-Afghanistan tensions fueled by mutual recriminations over the growing Taliban insurgency.

Some Afghan experts are worried that the United States and its NATO allies are making some of the same mistakes that helped the Taliban's forerunners defeat the Soviet Union after a decade-long occupation that bled the Kremlin treasury, demoralized Moscow's military and contributed to the Soviet Union's collapse.

Among the mistakes, these experts said, are relying too heavily on military force, inflicting too many civilian casualties, concentrating too much power in Kabul and tolerating pervasive government corruption.
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