I just read this. A useful discussion. I will add that 'back in my day' (a billion years ago or so) the ship's engineering officers stood OOD watches in harbour (that included foreign ports, and yes even during Gulf War). It was always a little uncertain that the ship would still be tied to the dock at the end of that watch.....
As an MSEO, after basic training I had precisely zero experience with weapons and certainly no training in how to protect the ship from a hostile threat. As an OOD I really would have had no idea what to do if someone came running towards the ship with a weapon or if a small boat (with obviously hostile intentions) approached the ship. At the time I thought that was a pretty serious gap in capability but as a very junior officer had no ideas about what to do about it.
As an MSEO, my focus, training, and role was entirely related to the engineering aspects of the ship (i.e. keeping it afloat, moving and not on fire. Keeping the lights on and the beer fridge running were a bonus.)
I trust things are changing and capabilities are being developed to respond to the threat(s).
Is the training for MSEOs to act as OOD any better?