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Turkey - Kurdistan (Superthread)

Turkey seeks UN OK for cross-border action
Move follows attack by Kurdish rebels in Iraq

Steven Edwards, The Ottawa Citizen, June 5
http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=d84cd731-3d23-469f-98fe-1c34a524aa05

UNITED NATIONS - The prospect that Turkish troops will invade northern Iraq to attack Kurdish rebels rose yesterday as Turkey reportedly asked to meet UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon to reaffirm its right to self-defence.

The move comes as the latest Kurdish rebel attack inside Turkey killed at least seven Turkish soldiers and injured seven more at a military outpost near the Iraqi border.

Turkey has been massing troops on the border, and reminding the UN of its rights under the body's charter would signal the government is preparing the legal and diplomatic ground for military action.

The U.S. believed as recently as Sunday that it had dissuaded Turkey from mounting any operation in one of the few parts of Iraq that is relatively peaceful and prosperous, but the new rebel attack appears to have changed the mood in Ankara.

"We have every right to take measures against terrorist activities directed at us from northern Iraq," Abdullah Gul, the Turkish foreign minister, told European Union officials visiting the Turkish capital.

Turkish media commented yesterday that the EU was tacitly backing Turkey's right to retaliate after Frank-Walter Steinmeier, the German foreign minister, and Olli Rehn, the EU enlargement commissioner, neither condemned nor openly supported Mr. Gul's declaration...

...the U.S. has been reluctant to intervene in the north, where the mainly Kurdish population enjoys semi-autonomy.

"We have not seen effective steps taken as of now," one senior Turkish diplomat said.

But he also said there were numerous channels of communication open with the Iraqis and the Americans, and expressed confidence something short of a cross-border incursion would occur
[emphasis added].

The Turkish parliament would have to approve any military action outside Turkey's borders, but the government has already said it would back the armed forces if they requested permission to launch an attack.

Mark
Ottawa
 
I said in another thread that perhaps the Americans might prefer to see Kurds killing Kurds than Turks killing Kurds.

Perhaps though, the Kurds might prefer that the Turks do the killing.   This might reduce the risk of the Peshmergas and Kurdish society splitting.

Maybe it is time for a touch of Nelson’s blind eye.  Much protestation from the Kurds, the Iraqis and the Americans about the Turkish “intervention”, and much wailing and gnashing of teeth about how they are powerless to intervene given their current circumstances, all the while encouraging/allowing the Turks to solve a mutual problem.  As long the Turks only intervene/raid and don’t invade then they might be doing a service to all parties except the PKK and their sponsors.

Such a scenario could also strengthen links amongst Turks, Kurds and Iraqis.  There is nothing better than a shared secret to boost mutual confidence.

“...Turkish troops massed at border of Iraq’s Kurdish area
Charles J. Hanley, Associated Press
Published: Saturday, June 02, 2007
“….In an interview taped for broadcast Sunday on ABC-TV’s “This Week,” Iraq’s Kurdish president, Jalal Talabani, said Iraqi leaders had convinced the Iraq-based militants to cease their attacks, “and they did it.”
Al-Maliki, the Shiite prime minister, ending a visit to the Kurdish north on Saturday, also sought to ease the growing tensions….”

Coupled with a past history of cooperation between the PUK and the Turks against the PKK
http://www.turkses.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2521&Itemid=38     
http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=37612
http://www.casi.org.uk/discuss/2000/msg01029.html

And the Turks already have a recognised presence of 1000 personnel in Suleimaniyan in Iraq and the Kurds and Iraqis have not been squawking overly loudly about minor incursions that have already occured.

And as much as it is possible to keep track of who is doing what to whom in that part of the world the PKK seem to have strong ties to Syria and occasional ties of convenience to Iran. http://www.jamestown.org/terrorism/news/article.php?articleid=2370250

I am still of the opinion that the only people that this confrontation serves are third parties – specifically Syria, Iran and Gazprom.  In the case of Gazprom instability precludes a competitor to their chokehold on European energy supplies. They have a motive for supporting instability in the area. And they have means in the form of money and potential allies.   Gazprom has already demonstrated its chokehold (Jan 2006 Ukraine, Jan 2007 Belarus, May 2007 Estonia)                                   
http://www.cacianalyst.org/newsite/?q=node/4288   
http://www.guardian.co.uk/russia/article/0,2763,1676959,00.html 
http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/index.cfm?id=5622007
http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSL0271267920070502

Both Syria and Iran also profit from instability in that it helps their governments survive a while longer.  The raid tactics adopted by the PKK are reminiscent of the tactics employed by Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon, not to mention the “insurgents” in Iraq shelling the “Green Zone” so that the reporters in the hotels can get their “film at 11”. 
(By the way – Iran is apparently upping the ante by shipping 240 mm missiles with a 30 km range into Iraq.  Is that for increased effect or because they can’t get as close to their targets as they used to because of tightening local security?  On the other hand aren’t they bigger targets, with more requirements for a logistical tail and trained personnel? Anyway…..). 

“Iranian Flow Of Weapons Increasing, Officials Say
Arms Shipments Tracked To Iraqi, Afghan Groups

By Robin Wright
Washington Post Staff Writer
Sunday, June 3, 2007; Page A14

Iran has increased arms shipments to both Iraq's Shiite extremists and Afghanistan's Taliban in recent weeks in an apparent attempt to pressure American and other Western troops operating in its two strategic neighbors, according to senior U.S. and European officials.

In Iraq, Iranian 240mm rockets, which have a range of up to 30 miles and could significantly change the battlefield, have been used recently by Shiite extremists against U.S. and British targets in Basra and Baghdad, the officials said. Three of the rockets have targeted U.S. facilities in Baghdad's Green Zone, and one came very close to hitting the U.S. Embassy in the Iraqi capital, according to the U.S. officials.

The 240mm rocket is the biggest and longest-range weapon in the hands of Shiite extremist groups, U.S. officials said. Remnants of the rockets bear the markings of Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps and are dated 2007, those sources said. The Tehran government has supplied the same weapon, known as the Fajr-3, to Hezbollah, the Lebanese Shiite militia.”
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/02/AR2007060201020.html

It is also of a piece with Hezbollah’s distraction last summer.  And could be of a piece with the current actions in Lebanon by Fatah al-Islam in Nahr el-Bared (nr Tripoli) and Jund al-Sham at Ain al-Hilweh (nr Sidon).   

Apparently their fellow Palestinians aren’t all appreciative of the efforts on their behalf.
"It's time the army comes into the camps and cleans these people out," said Abu Rani, 36, a driver. He was among hundreds of Palestinian men, women and children streaming into a mosque on Ein al-Hilweh's edge for shelter as night fell. "It would be a relief to everyone, the Palestinians and the Lebanese."
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/03/AR2007060301289.html

It is in line with threats by Assad of Syria to spread instability if the UN commission went ahead with the Hariri investigation.

I wonder though if it couldn't work against Syria.  What if Turkey determined that the PKK had run away from Iraq and were now operating out of Syria?  Would the Turkish Commandos pursue the same policy of Hot Pursuit? 

And I believe that ultimately it has to do with the success that the US and the Iraqis are having with the Salvation Councils of Anbar, Salahudin and Diyala in targeting the Al Qaeda movement – often by letting locals play by house rules.  (If the US and the Brits conduct “keenie meenie operations” then there would be an awful lot more diplomatic fuss than if the locals indulge in a little headsmanship.) 
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18881803/site/newsweek/page/0/

By the way – The US must be doing something right – Agence France Presse no longer describes the Sunni home defence forces as “militias” or “private armies”.  They are now, in French eyes, legitimate.  They are now “tribal levies” – a well known entity to both French and British readers.  They were the “official” locals that assisted in the maintenance of order in Colonial days – Spahis and Trucial Oman Scouts etc.  http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070602/wl_mideast_afp/iraq_070602184109

“BAGHDAD (AFP) - Unidentified gunmen shot dead a local Al-Qaeda leader in the western Iraqi city of Fallujah on Saturday, police said, as fighting between rival Sunni factions undermined the insurgency.

The apparent assassination of the militant kingpin came as the US military announced that marines and Iraqi security forces had killed seven Al-Qaeda fighters during an assault on a truck bomb factory.

Both incidents appeared to be linked to increased cooperation between Sunni factions, once sympathetic to the Iraqi resistance, and the US military, which is encouraging nationalist factions to fight Al-Qaeda.

Colonel Tareq al-Dulaimi, a senior police intelligence officer with close ties to Anbar Province's pro-US tribal coalition(The Dulaimis are to Anbar and eastern Syria as the Saudis are to Arabia – THE tribe), confirmed reports that Muwaffaq al-Jugheifi had been killed but did not identify the attackers.

Dulaimi described the slain Al-Qaeda leader as an Iraqi from Fallujah…..

Fallujah is the focus of a large-scale security operation in which Iraqi police and tribal levies, backed by US forces, are trying to drive out Al-Qaeda Islamist militants……

Saturday's killing came after the Anbar Salvation Council, the armed wing of the province's tribal coalition, announced that it was sending plainclothes "secret police" to Baghdad to kill Al-Qaeda leaders. (And apparently “tribal levies” can legitimately employ “plainclothes secret police”.)”

Perhaps we will know that Iraq is secure when we read about it in and Agence France Presse report.

By the way Mark, further to the issue of Kurds in Afghanistan, I stand by my statement that the Kurds exist throughout the mountains from the Kush to Anatolia and the Caucasus to the Zagros although they are not in influential numbers in Afghanistan.  I also stand by the statement "there are good Kurds and bad Kurds".  As to the quality of the Evangelical site's information - the numbers are in line with your numbers if somewhat more modest and I tend to trust market research more than political research.  Remember these folks are trying to figure out how to "sell" bibles.   ;D  Cheers.



 
Kirkhill: Nice--I sure hope you're right about the blind eye.  All a question of scale, I would think.

Mark
Ottawa
 
MarkOttawa said:
Kirkhill: Nice--I sure hope you're right about the blind eye.  All a question of scale, I would think.

Mark
Ottawa

Mark - me too.  I just get fed up hearing people string facts together solely to point all the things that could go wrong.  I like to think that somewhere out there there might be people on our side who HAVE a clue.
 
      This is not good!

June 6, 2007, 11:09AM

Turkish officials: troops enter Iraq

By SELCAN HACAOGLU Associated Press Writer

ANKARA, Turkey — Several thousand Turkish troops crossed into northern Iraq early Wednesday to chase Kurdish guerrillas who operate from bases there, Turkish security officials told The Associated Press.

Two senior security officials, speaking on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media, said the raid was limited in scope and that it did not constitute the kind of large incursion that Turkish leaders have been discussing in recent weeks.

"It is not a major offensive and the number of troops is not in the tens of thousands," one of the officials told the AP by telephone. The official is based in southeast Turkey, where the military has been battling separatist Kurdish rebels since they took up arms in 1984.

The U.S. military said it could not confirm the reports but was "very concerned."

The last major Turkish incursion into northern Iraq was in 1997, when about 50,000 troops were sent to the region.

The officials did not say where the Turkish force was operating in northern Iraq, nor did he say how long they would be there. Both officials are involved in anti-rebel operations, though they did not disclose whether they participated in the planning of the operation on Wednesday.

The officials said any confrontation with Iraqi Kurdish groups, who have warned against a Turkish incursion, could trigger a larger cross-border operation. The Turkish military has asked the government in Ankara to approve such an incursion, but the government has not given formal approval.

An official at military headquarters in Ankara declined to confirm or deny the report that Turkish troops had entered Iraq.

http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/ap/world/4866763.html
 
Nothing to see here boys, move along.

The Americans didn't see it.
The Iraqis didn't see it.
The Turkish government didn't see it.

Nothing happened.

Except for 600 Turkish commandos taking one of their periodic trips into Iraq while a blocking force stays alert on the Turkish side of the border - wherever that may be.

Given the past history of the PUK and the PKK it would not surprise at all if the PUK were calling "fall of shot" for the Turks.

Interesting that even the PKK is split internally.

I think, that properly controlled, this can be seen as part of the overall effort to get the "non-state actors" and outlaws off the stage as is happening in the rest of Iraq.  This way Turkey gets to "help" without helping.

 
My read seems to show that the military is carrying out this action under their standing orders and therefore means that the "government" did not authorize the incursion, leaving them free to claim that no invasion has taken place.
 
     Well, I guess once again it is time for everyone to turn their backs and don't take notice of several hundred Turkish commandos entering Iraq for "routine" training.  ;)

Bomb kills 3 Turkish soldiers in newly declared 'security zone' near Iraq

CHRISTOPHER TORCHIA

ISTANBUL, Turkey (AP) - Turkey's military command declared its "unshakable determination" early Friday to defeat Kurdish separatists hours after a roadside bomb killed three Turkish soldiers and wounded six.

The attack Thursday evening occurred in one of several "temporary security zones" that the military had just declared along the Iraq border during its campaign against the guerrillas.

Authorities blamed the Kurdish rebels for the blast, which came amid increasing activity by Turkish troops along the frontier that has fed concerns the army might stage a large-scale offensive against rebel bases in the predominantly Kurdish region of northern Iraq.

Turkish leaders say guerrillas cross into Turkey to stage attacks in their recently escalated fight to win autonomy for southeastern Turkey, where ethnic Kurds make up much of the population.

In a statement on its website, the military's General Staff vowed to fight the rebels and called on all Turks to stand together "to resist in the face of these terrorist actions."

"The Turkish Armed Forces has an unshakable determination in fighting terrorism and it will absolutely give the necessary answer to such attacks," it said.

The bomb targeted a military vehicle near Siirt, a city 75 kilometres north of the Iraq border, the governor's office said. It killed three soldiers and wounded six other security personnel, including pro-government village guards, the office said.

Turkey has grown increasingly frustrated with the rise in attacks by the PKK rebel movement, and its leaders have sent more troops to the frontier while publicly raising the possibility of sending the army into northern Iraq.

http://www.recorder.ca/cp/World/070607/w0607105A.html
 
PM: Barzani is a tribe leader, supports PKK

Friday, June 8, 2007

ANKARA – Turkish Daily News


  Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan late Wednesday described Massoud Barzani, president of autonomous northern Iraq, as a “tribe leader” and argued that Barzani's Iraqi Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) supports the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) terrorists.

  Erdoğan, in an interview with the private Kanal 24 TV station, criticized media reports on a possible cross-border operation into northern Iraq, noting, “If Turkey will conduct such an operation it won't be done loudly. The responsible authorities will make the decisions but Parliament authorization is needed as well.”

  Mentioning an Associated Press report that was denied, saying that Turkish troops entered northern Iraq, Erdoğan asked “What is the aim here, where do they want to go with it? An operation will be conducted when needed. It won't be made by informing some people.”

  Prime Minister Erdoğan also dismissed reports that there is a disagreement between the government and the military over the cross-border operation, adding, “We always ask our Chief of General Staff, ‘what do you need? Inform us of whatever you need'.”

http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?enewsid=75281


Military buffering the Iraqi border

Friday, June 8, 2007

Turkish military officials decide to create interim security zones in three provinces bordering Iraq, calling it a routine practice without clarifying what the measure really means

FULYA ÖZERKAN
ANKARA - Turkish Daily News


  The General Staff on Wednesday declared three provinces in southeastern Turkey to be interim security zones as attacks by the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in Turkey are escalating.

  The measure amounts to a boost in operations by the Turkish military from June 9 to September 9 in order to stop terrorist attacks in the security zones in Siirt, Hakkari and Şırnak.
  Military officials described the measure as a routine practice aimed at preventing PKK attacks, which tend to increase in spring when snow on the northern Iraqi mountains, where the PKK terrorists are based, melts.

  But the military did not clarify what establishing the interim security zones means in practice. Speaking with the Turkish Daily News, experts said that the Turkish military would create a so-called “buffer-zone” on the Iraqi border.

  “If you take a look at the given coordinates of the security zones, you will see that they are located along the Iraqi border, so it would not be wrong if we say that a buffer-zone is being created on the border near Iraq,” Sedat Laçiner, head of the Ankara-based International Strategic Research Organization (ISRO/USAK), told the TDN.

  He said the Turkish Armed Forces were now in the phase of creating a deep (15 kilometer) and long  (up to 120 kilometers) buffer zone on the two sides of the Iraqi border to prevent PKK terrorists from infiltrating into the country.

http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?enewsid=75332
 
    The Iranians are now apparently involved?  ???

Iraqi Kurds report Turkish, Iranian shelling

ISTANBUL, Turkey (AP) — Turkish and Iranian forces shelled Kurdish rebel positions across the border in northern Iraq, Iraqi Kurd officials reported Friday, amid fears that the conflict could open a new front in Iraq.

Turkey has been building up its forces along the border with Iraq, and its leaders are debating whether to stage a major incursion to pursue separatist rebels who cross over from bases in Iraq to attack Turkish targets. Such an operation could ignite a wider conflict involving Iraqi Kurds, and disrupt Turkey's ties with its NATO ally, the United States.

Iran has also clashed with Iranian Kurd fighters who have bases in remote, mountainous areas of northern Iraq.

The Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, or PUK, the party of Iraqi President Jalal Talabani, reported the Turkish and Iranian shelling on its website. Turkish military authorities at the General Staff in Ankara were not immediately available for comment.

http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2007-06-08-turkey-iran-kurds_N.htm
 
Now this I didn't see coming. Iran working with the Turks, it boggles the mind. But, I am sure someone will some along to clear things up for me  ;D
 
WAITING TO STRIKE
Turkish Military Leaders Pushing For Invasion of Northern Iraq

Spiegel Online, June 8
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,487452,00.html

The threat of an invasion didn't materialize, and yet the Turkish army's activities in northern Iraq Wednesday revealed that it is only waiting for the right opportunity to launch strikes against the Kurdish separatist organization PKK in northern Iraq. Emotions are running dangerously high.

For several minutes every television channel in Turkey carried the same images: weeping mothers desperately throwing themselves onto flag-draped coffins, huge crowds waving flags and chanting slogans against the Kurdish separatist organization, the PKK, and officers offering their condolences to the grieving mothers.

The funerals of seven young recruits killed earlier in the week in a PKK suicide bombing at a police station in Tunceli turned into mass demonstrations against the PKK and at least indirect support for the military, which for weeks has been asking the government for permission to finally march into northern Iraq and "deal with" the PKK.

For a few hours on Wednesday afternoon, it seemed as if General Yasar Büyükanit, the chief of staff of the Turkish army, had already given Turkish troops their marching orders. Kurdish sources reported that large numbers of troops had already crossed the border into northern Iraq. Amid denials from the Turkish military, the Kurdish regional government in the northern Iraqi city of Erbil later also announced that the reports were false. According to a military spokesman, there had been no invasion. Instead, the army had only conducted a limited operation on the Iraqi side of the border to pursue "terrorists." But the campaign shows that the Turkish military is armed and ready, and is only waiting for an excuse to finally take action.

Emotions Are Running High

It won't take more than one or two further attacks by the PKK, such as Tuesday's attack in Tunceli or the suicide bombing in downtown Ankara two weeks ago, and Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan will have trouble holding back the military. The people's soul is already at boiling point. A recent headline in Turkey's biggest-selling newspaper, Hürriyet, "Don't Forget our Martyrs," is hardly necessary. Emotions are already running dangerously high. Shortly after the attack on the police station, an angry mob in the western Turkish city of Zarkaya attacked two Kurdish construction workers who were wearing T-shirts depicting Kurdish singer Ahmet Kaya and were thus seen as PKK sympathizers. Only at the last minute did the police manage to rescue them and avert a lynching [emphasis added]...

In an effort to calm things down, especially abroad, Erdogan reiterated Thursday that a decision regarding an Iraq intervention would not be reached without the parliament, and that there are currently no plans for a special parliamentary session. In preparation for the elections on July 22, the parliament went into recess last week, which means that it would have to be reconvened. Erdogan is under heavy pressure from the European Union and the United States not to further complicate the already disastrous situation in Iraq with a Turkish invasion of the Kurdish north. In a worst-case scenario, this could even result in clashes between Turkish and US troops...

Citizens of Kirkuk, an oil-producing center in northern Iraq, will vote in an referendum at the end of the year over whether the city should become part of the Kurdish Autonomous Region or should remain under mixed Kurdish, Arab and Turkmen administration. Kirkuk is the ultimate goal for Iraqi Kurds, who hope to use the region's oil wealth to establish the financial basis for an independent Kurdish state in the future. It is precisely for this reason that the Turkish government is firmly opposed to Kirkuk becoming part of the Kurdish territory and sees itself as a kind of spokesman for the region's Turkmen minority.

If Barzani were to abandon his support for the PKK in return for Turkey rethinking its reservations on the issue of Kirkuk, it could provide a possible solution to the impasse [emphasis added]. The saber-rattling is likely to continue for the time being, and the start of the election campaign in Turkey is hardly likely to calm things down.

Mark
Ottawa

 
Good points Mark

Mike
Remember that Iran has a significant population of Kurds in the North and has the same concerns about a possible Kurdistan.
 
Mind likewise boggled - I have difficulty seeing the secular Turkish military doing anything with Iran.  If anybody were going to work with Iran I might have expected Erdogan.

On the other hand I can see Iran, and others, just trying to complicate things in general by lobbing a few shells into the pot.

The PKK that the Turks are so exercised about HAS played with Iran and Syria in the past. But there again the PUK has also played with Iran and Barzani's KDP that currently supports Talabani's PUK in Iraq has fought with the PKK against the PUK in the past.

My money is still on Erdogan, the Turkish Army, Talabani and Maliki coming to an accomodation that includes Barzani but excludes the PKK and the Iranians.

Although I stand ready to lose that bet.
 
Colin P said:
Good points Mark

Mike
Remember that Iran has a significant population of Kurds in the North and has the same concerns about a possible Kurdistan.
Okay got 'ya. Still causes a lot of questions though.
 
http://www.turkishweekly.net/news.php?id=45739

This is from Turkish Weekly - if you follow the link you can spend many interesting hours looking at all of this from the "official" Turkish perspective.

Keep in mind that Turkey wants stability.  The Government and Army are sparring with each other.  The prospect of Turkey being a pipeline from both the Caspian Basin and Iraq to Europe in competition with Russia has got them salivating.  Turkey wants to gain membership in the EU.  France wants to keep them out but others want to let them in.

And in the middle of all of this there are reports of Syria massing troops on the Golan.

Interesting to me that most of the April activity by the PKK and the Turkish responses (not reported) were on the Syrian end of the Iraqi border.  Yesterday's reports of shelling are on the Iranian end.
Last year the Iranians and the Turkish Government had an agreement to mutually fight the Kurds but the Turkish Army is not the Turkish Government. 

All very messy yet.

Regardless there is this, from the Turkish Weekly....

Despite PKK attacks, Turkey has many reasons not to send troops into northern Iraq  Print 

Thursday , 07 June 2007   


Despite PKK attacks, Turkey has many reasons not to send troops into northern Iraq

Turkey's casualties are mounting in its fight against terrorists, pushing it closer to a possible cross-border attack on terrorist havens in northern Iraq. But such a campaign could be costly and inconclusive, disrupt Turkish general elections next month, strain ties with Washington and hurt Turkey's efforts to join the EU.

With so much at stake, Turkish leaders are reluctant to stage a ground offensive in Iraq, despite their stated willingness to do so. They would prefer that the United States and Iraqi Kurds act on their appeals for a crackdown on terrorists, who raid southeast Turkey after resting, training and resupplying at bases in northern Iraq.

The chances of that happening are far from assured, and the Turks feel they can only wait so long before going into Iraq. The domestic pressure for action increases with near-daily reports of terrorist attacks in the southeast.

"We have every right to take measures against terrorist activities directed at us from northern Iraq," Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul told European Union officials in Ankara on Monday.

Robust remarks like these are now so common that Turkey's leaders are putting their credibility on the line. Another big bombing, or a lethal ambush of a military unit, might compel them to stage an incursion to show they can act, and not just talk.

"Government officials fell victim to their own games. They cannot get out of this trap they have fallen into," columnist Mehmet Ali Birand wrote. He said Turkey's war talk had been designed, apparently in vain, to push the United States into expelling the PKK from northern Iraq.

The United States says the PKK is a terrorist group, but U.S. forces are consumed by chaos elsewhere in Iraq, and want to preserve the Kurdish-dominated north as a rare spot of relative stability. The Iraqi Kurdish administration has tense ties with Turkey, which has accused it of backing its Kurdish brethren in the PKK movement.

Preparations for a cross-border operation already appear to be underway. Turkey has sent more troops and equipment to the frontier with Iraq. Local residents said some military bases in the border area were unusually quiet because the bulk of their forces had been deployed.

Kurdish reports say the Turks shelled parts of northern Iraq on Sunday and Monday, and further artillery barrages could indicate a sustained effort to soften suspected terrorist hideouts before a ground offensive. The Kurdistan Workers' Party, known by its Kurdish acronym PKK, said Turkish helicopters were conducting surveillance over Iraqi border lands.

"There is no government decree at the moment," a Turkish Foreign Ministry official said Wednesday when asked whether the government has decided to ask the Parliament to empower the military for a cross-border operation.

"And yet the Turkish republic is ready for anything at any time," ministry spokesman Levent Bilman said.

On Wednesday, a terrorist bomb slightly injured six soldiers near the southeastern town of Lice, the state-run Anatolia news agency said. Separately, Turkish troops killed a Kurdish guerrilla in the city of Bitlis.

PKK terrorists, who took up arms in 1984 and traditionally step up attacks in the spring and summer, grow bolder as Turkey debates what to do.

On Monday, terrorists killed seven soldiers at a Turkish military outpost. On May 24, a bomb believed planted by the PKK killed eight soldiers. On May 22, a suicide bomber killed six people in the capital, Ankara. Authorities said the bomber used explosives of a type favored by the PKK, though the terrorist group denied involvement.

Despite the violence and military buildup, there are plenty of reasons for Turkey to delay an incursion:

1- The United States, Turkey's NATO ally, is struggling to restore order in Iraq, and an incursion would open up a new front in the conflict there. At a security summit in Singapore this past weekend, U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates cautioned Turkey against sending troops into northern Iraq.

The American troop presence in northern Iraq is minimal, and a Turkish incursion would probably be limited in scope.

A clash, accidental or otherwise, between U.S. and Turkish forces would be a worst-case scenario.

2- Turkey wants to join the European Union, which has urged the government in Ankara to grant more rights to its minority Kurdish population. An incursion could force civilians to flee their homes, and lead to allegations of human rights abuses, further complicating Turkey's troubled EU bid.

3- Turkey doesn't seem to have a clear idea of what to do if it enters northern Iraq, where terrorists are likely to fade deeper into mountain retreats. Turkish forces have pushed into Iraq before. This time, they could face a broader conflict with U.S.-backed Iraqi Kurds, emboldened by economic and political muscle they have acquired since the downfall of their nemesis, Saddam Hussein, in an American-led invasion in 2003.

Turkey fears Massoud Barzani, the leader of the autonomous Kurdish region in northern Iraq, is plotting to establish a breakaway nation dominated by Kurds that would stir separatist tendencies among Turkey's Kurdish population.

"Are we going to fight only the PKK once we enter northern Iraq or will something happen with Barzani?" Gen. Yasar Buyukanit, Turkey's military chief, told Turkish media last week. Buyukanit has said a military operation in Iraq is necessary, but is waiting for the government to define its political goals.

4- A cross-border operation could influence general elections in Turkey on July 22. The Islamic-rooted government called the elections early as a way out of a political deadlock with the military-backed, secular opposition. The prospect that the failures or good fortune of a military campaign might shape the next government could hurt Turkey's maturing democracy.

"Military action might confuse Turkish domestic and foreign policies if it is done before the elections," Senol Kantarci of the Turkish Center for International Relations and Strategic Analysis.

CHRISTOPHER TORCHIA - AP NEWS ANALYSIS
 
Edited to take a leaf out of Edward's Book.

This article about Turkey as an energy hub  is extremely interesting.
It highlights the economic backdrop surrounding recent events in Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Northern Iraq. 
It incorporates the EU's energy needs and the US's position as well as the corporate interests of the Energy Companies including Gazprom.

In short - Europe has four primary suppliers: Norway, Algeria, Russia and the Middle East.  As of now the only secure supplier is Norway and it's running out.

The Middle East has to come through Iraq and Turkey to get to Europe overland.  A secure delivery from there would be in direct competition with Russia and Gazprom.  Russia's biggest ace in the hole just now is gas to Europe.  With a Turkish hub it loses that ace.

Russia offers to supply Europe's energy needs but seems to be attracted by its ability to hold Europe hostage by being its sole supplier.  That power is threatened by having alternativel suppliers.
Europe needs energy for growth.  And "I think" as their populations prove it is necessary to grow or die.  "I also think" their Kyoto experiments have likely proved to themselves that  they can't get where they need to be with conservation and alternative supplies are not cost competitive.  Europe needs and wants Russia's energy but it can't be held hostage to Russia's political whims.

Further, "it appears to me" that Russia fears that a competitive supply might ultimately see them locked out of the market (which suggests to me that at a gut level Russian's still don't understand market economics).

One way to solve the problem is to replicate the North American energy market and create a grid with multiple suppliers along multiple routes and invite all players to be partners in it.  Thus Gazprom and Moscow benefit from Middle East shipments through Turkey although they can't turn off the taps to Europe.  With a Turkish hub and a secure Iraqi pipeline from Iraq (and parts beyond like Kuwait and Saudi), as well as the Caspian route from the Stans then Russia would also benefit from these revenue streams.

Against this back drop Russia is proposing revisiting a Trans-Caucasus connector originally proposed by the US, which has to go through Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia (as well as Nagorno-Karabakh).  And Azerbaijan is where Putin is suggesting that Russia, NATO, the EU and the US can co-operate on missile defence.

It will be interesting to see if all the "instability" in that part of the world dies down once these infrastructure deals are in place.

Perhaps those saying that it was all about Oil were right all along - but it was about bargaining rights on a massive infrastructure project - a Eurasian energy grid.  (Tin foil hat is on the shelf but being eyed closely  ;) )


http://www.turkishweekly.net/news.php?id=45736

Building an energy hub (By Maria Beat)  Print 

Thursday , 07 June 2007   



[ENERGY TRANSPORTATION-2]
Building an energy hub

Regional pipelines coming to Turkey from Russia, the Caspian and the Middle East are the means to provide Turkey with the resources necessary to become a regional energy hub.

In short, the more oil and gas pipelines that come through Turkey, the more sound and stable is its position as a regional energy center. With regards to natural gas delivery, a major breakthrough was the launch of the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum (BTE) pipeline. As a participating partner in the project, Turkey is entitled to receive annually, through BTE from the Shah Deniz offshore gas block in Azerbaijan, 6.6 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas when the pipeline reaches full operational capacity. In March 2007 delivery of Shah Deniz gas to Turkey began, and for 2007 it is due to receive 3 bcm in total, at a fixed price of $120 per thousand cubic meters -- half the price of Russian gas.
The Shah Deniz natural gas deposit is being jointly developed by British Petroleum, 25 percent, the project operator; Statoil, 25.5 percent; the Azerbaijan State Oil Company, 10 percent; Lukoil, 10 percent; NICO, 10 percent; TotalFinaElf, 10 percent; and the state-run Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO), 9 percent. In 2007 production is expected to reach 8.6 bcm and in 2008 the expectation is 9.6 bcm -- a projection of an additional 1 bcm in output. The extra volumes produced will be distributed at a market sales price. .... (much more on the link)
 
It seems that the Kurds may have a fallback position should the worst happen in Iraq.They have quietly taken steps to protect Kurdistan.Of the 3 Iraqi Army divisions in the north 2 are locally recruited and a seperate special unit composed of pesh merga. Plus there is a regional Kurdish Guard. There are rumors that the Kurds are turning back Arabs that try to travel into the north. The Turkish Army has formal contacts in Kurdistan.
 
T6 -- aint no rumour...
  The desert is housing a "few" dead Arabs that did not follow the advice to turn around.  They are for all intensive purposes a seperate country --
There was an interesting show on Al Jazeera's "Inside Iraq" last nigth (last nigth here) about the Turkish issue.
 
I hope for all our sakes that the Turkish Army does not enter Kurdistan, and if they do - that they conduct a very surgical mission.   However the Turkish military was stating that over 4 thousand militants of the outlawed PKK where in Kurdistan -- hardly sounds like a limited operation...
  While Canada may have been able to ignore a few CF soldiers killed by Turks during the '74 Cypriot invasion -- I think the first US soldiers killed by Turkish Army will have some disasterous effects, and if the Turks intend to drive that far into Kurdistan to kill 4k "insurgents" they are going to run into the US mil -- likely SODA's, and AOB doing FID with the Kurdistan "IA" Divisions
 
     I believe Turkey has had it with the PKK and the inability of the Iraqi governments' inability to control them. They are also frustrated with the US who labeled the PKK as a terrorist group but are not doing anything in fear of losing the support of Kurdish people. Only a matter of time now before full scale military action.

Turkey cries for her losses in Sirnak     

Monday , 11 June 2007

PKK attack kills top officers in Sirnak

Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan expressed deep sorrow Sunday over the killing of a lieutenant colonel, a major and a private in a PKK bomb attack in the southeastern province of Sirnak.
"The terrorist organization PKK carried out a heinous attack on a road in the Guclukonak township of Sirnak. We lost two distinguished officers and a brave private in the attack," he said.
"Such attacks will never shake our unity and solidarity. We will not allow the terrorist organization to reach its targets. Our state, our security forces, our army and our policemen will maintain their fight against terrorism till it is totally eradicated. We will never be intimidated. We will continue progressing on our path with the same determination," he said.
Prime Minister Erdogan also offered his condolences to those who lost their beloved ones in the attack.
President Ahmet Necdet Sezer also condemned the terrorist attack in Sirnak on Sunday. Releasing a statement President said "With its nation, its Turkish Armed Forces and its all security forces, the Republic of Turkey will perpetuate its justified fight against separatist terrorism --that targets its unity and indivisible integrity-- with determination, until the eradication of last terrorist."
"I condemn this heinous attack, assailants and their supporters," Sezer said. "Without any hesitation, the Republic of Turkey will take necessary steps in this fight by uniting with its nation and give necessary response to those who dared to stage these heinous acts. No powers will be able to resist before our nation's and state's unshakable will regarding this matter."Sezer also offered his condolences to families of the martyrs.
A lieutenant colonel, a major commander and a private were killed when a remote-control explosive planted by the terrorist organization PKK on a road in Guclukonak town in the southeastern city of Sirnak went off late Saturday.
The latest killings were the last in a string of casualties that have sparked public demands for action against the PKK at home and in the north of Iraq where the terrorists seek refuge in mountain hideouts.
Turkey has deployed tanks and thousands of troops to its border, and says it has the right to take action against PKK militants in northern Iraq.
Turkey has also declared the southeastern provinces of Sirt, Sirnak and Hakkari off limits as it gears to an all out offensive against the terrorists.
The blast in Sirnak province also injured three soldiers and, according to military sources, was detonated by terrorists as a military convoy passed.
The major and lieutenant colonel were the highest ranking officers killed recently in clashes with terrorists active in Turkey's southeast along its border with Iraq.
A similar attack on Friday left four soldiers dead.
Sirnak province is situated on the mountainous border with Iraq.
There were a series of anti-PKK rallies, organized by official bodies, across the region on Saturday.
Marchers in the town of Sirnak chanting "Damn the PKK" and "The Homeland will not be divided", and Diyarbakir, the largest city in the region, held a similar rally.
The PKK is considered a terrorist group by Turkey, the US and the European Union. Violence is much lower than it was in the 1980s and 1990s, but clashes have increased in recent months as the PKK terrorists cross into Turkey from hideouts in the mountains. Turkey has been pressing the United States and Iraq to crack down on the group in northern Iraq.

11 June 2007

Turkey

http://www.turkishweekly.net/news.php?id=45856
 
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